Biology
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| Olfactory | Olfactory Epithlium- Cribriform Plate of ethmoid bone- to synapse in olfactory bulbs
Function: Carries afferent impulses associated with sense of smell.
Test: Sniffing different aromas, and identifying each.
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| Olfactory | Olfactory Epithlium- Cribriform Plate of ethmoid bone- to synapse in olfactory bulbs
Function: Carries afferent impulses associated with sense of smell.
Test: Sniffing different aromas, and identifying each.
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| Optic | Retina of eye- Through optic nerve and canal of orbit- across optic chasima- and finally from the thalamus to the visual cortex as optic radiation.
Function: Carries afferent impulses associated with vision.
Test: Visual field is determined with eye cha
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| Oculomotor | Dorsal Midbrain- Enters orbit- Exits skull through superior orbital fissure.
Function: Helps direct the eyeball, constrict pupils, and connects eyeball to the brain. (Somatic, Parasympathetic, Sensory)
Testing: Pupils are examined for size, shape, and e
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| Trochlear | Midbrain- Exits from skull through superior orbital fissure.
Function: Helps move the eyeball.
Test: Tested with the oculomoter nerve.
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| Trigeminal | From face to pons in three divisions.
Function: Sensory nerve to the face and scalp, nose and floor of mouth.
Test: Rub a cotton ball across the face to test senses.
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| Abducens | Leaves inferior pons-enters orbit through superior orbits fissure- to run to eye.
Function: Carries somatic fibers to rectus muscle that helps move the eyeball.
Test: Test with oculomotor nerve.
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| Facial | Leaves pons- travels through temporal bone- exiting through stylomastoid foramen to reach the face.
Function: Supplies motion to the face, facial expression, motion to the salivary glands, and sense to the taste receptors to the tongue.
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| The term DORMATOMES | Dormatomes are parts of the skin that can only be innovatated by cranial nerve 5, it's for sensation in the face.
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| Plexuses | There are no plexuses at the thorax, they're a network of converging and diverging nerve fibers, blood vessels or lymphatics.
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| Why are Phrenic Nerves important | They're the only nerve that innovates the diaphragm, the muscle that takes in air. The ones vital to live are C3, C4, and C5.
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| Vestibulocochlear | Inner Ear Equilibrium/ Hearing apparatus-Through internal acoustic meatus- to enter pons.
Function: Transmits impulses associated with the sense of hearing from the cochlea.
Test: Hearing is tested by air and bone conduction using tuning fork.
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| Glossopharyngeal | Medulla- leaves skull through the jugular foramen- and runs to the throat.
Function: Innovates part of the tongue and pharynx, helps with swallowing, taste, and chemoreceptors.
Test: Check gag reflexes through uvula, ask to speak and cough.
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| Vagus | Medulla- descends through neck region into thorax and abdomen.
Function: Carries somatic motor impulses to various places in the body.
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| Accessory |
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| Hypoglossal |
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