Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What does the first number in the chromosome nomenclature represent? | The chromosome number
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| What does P represent in the chromosome nomenclature | Short arm
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| What does Q represent in the chromosome nomenclature? | Long arm
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| What is monosomy? | Only having one chromosome from a homologous chromosome pair
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| What is trisomy? | Having three chromosomes from a homologous pair
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| What is trisomy 21? | Down syndrome
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| What is Edwards syndrome? | Trisomy 18
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| What us turners syndrome? | Monosomy of the sex chromosomes - XO
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| What is (incl. appearance) klinefelters syndrome? | Trisomy of the sex chromosome XXY - phenotypically male
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| What is a duplication structural aberration? | Gene from one homologous chromosome joins to the other
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| What is an inversion structural aberration? | A section is broken from a chromosome and put back in, in the reverse direction
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| What is a deletion structural aberration? | A section of the chromosome is deleted
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| What is a translocation structural aberration? | A section of the chromosome is broken and replaced on a non-homologous chromosome
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| What gene is responsible for sex determination? | SRY gene
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| In male, what gonadal duct degerates? | Müllerian duct
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| What causes the Müllerian duct to degenerate? | Testosterone
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| In females, what gonadal duct degenerates? | Wolfian duct
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| What cells produce testosterone? | Leydig cells
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| What cells produce anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)? | Serotoli cells
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| If males are castrated early, and AMH is not produced. What happens? | Develop as a female
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| What technique can be used to detect translocation? | Fluorescent in-situ hybridisation (FISH)
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| How many hydrogen bonds between A and T? | 2
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| How many hydrogen bonds between G and C? | 3
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| By what method does DNA replicate? | Semi-conservative hypothesis
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| What unwinds the DNA in DNA replication? | DNA helicase
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| What enzyme is responsible for making the new DNA strand? | DNA polymerase
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| Before DNA polymerase can act, primer sequences are needed to be added. What enzyme is responsible for this? | RNA Primase
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| On the lagging strand, primer sequences are needed to be added frequently. What are antlers name for these primer sequences? | Okazaki fragments
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| What do single stranded binding (SSB) proteins do? | Prevent the re-winding of DNA
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| What is the purpose of topoisomerase? | Nicks the DNA to release tension
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