Astronomy Test Review for Regular
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| light year | The distance light travels in a year.
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| 10 | If a star is 10 light years away that means it will take ___ years for light to reach us on Earth.
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| large | We do not use kilometers or miles for distances in space because they are far too _______.
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| light | The best place on earth to put a telescope is a place where there is no ________ pollution or atmosphere. (This is why we put telescopes on mountains, in the desert, or in space)
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| protostar | A 'baby' star that has not yet begun nuclear fusion.
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| fusion | In the core of a star, atoms of Hydrogen are smashed together to form helium in a process called __________.
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| star | A sphere of glowing hot gases that is undergoing nuclear fusion in its core.
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| half | Our sun is an average sized star that can be found about _______ of the way from the center of our galaxy.
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| spiral | Our Milky Way galaxy is classified as a ________ galaxy.
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| temperature | A star's color tells you the relative ____________ of the star.
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| brighter | If you increase the size of a star it always gets ___________ or more luminous.
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| mass | A star's ______ will always determine the path it will take during it's life cycle.
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| apparent magnitude | The amount of light we receive on Earth from objects in space is called ________ ________.
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| absolute magnitude | The actual or true brightness of star is called _________ __________. We also refer to this as 'luminosity'.
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| temperature and luminosity | The HR Diagram plots the ___________ and _____________ of stars.
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| main sequence | Our sun is a ______ __________ or 'living' star on the HR Diagram
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| blue giants | Stars plotted on the upper left of the HR Diagram which are HOT and BRIGHT are called ______ ________.
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| white dwarfs | Stars plotted on the lower left of the HR Diagram which are HOT and DIM are called ______ ________.
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| red giants | Stars plotted on the upper right of the HR Diagram which are relatively COOL and BRIGHT are called ______ ________.
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| red dwarfs | Stars plotted on the lower right of the HR Diagram which are COOL and DIM are called ______ ________.
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| spiral galaxies | _________ _________ are galaxies that contain large amounts of gas and dust as well as lots of relatively NEW stars.
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| elliptical galaxies | __________ ___________ are galaxies that contain very small amounts of gas and dust as well as relatively OLD stars.
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| irregular galaxies | _________ _________ are galaxies that have no pattern or easily defined shape but they do contain large amounts of gas and dust.
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| nebula | All stars begin and end their lives in this large cloud of gas and dust.
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| fusing | A star is considered 'living' when it's core gets hot enough to begin ________ Hydrogen into Helium.
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| shorter | Stars with a higher mass will live _______ lives than stars with lower mass because they burn their fuel hotter and faster.
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| red giant | When a star runs out of Hydrogen fuel it enters the 'dying' stage, expanding and cooling off to become a _____ _______.
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| white dwarf | When a small to average size star begins producing iron in its core, gravity cause the star to collapse, leaving behind a ______ _______ in a planetary nebula
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| black dwarf | When a white dwarf cools off and no longer glows it becomes a ______ _______.
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| supernova | Large or super massive stars will explode in a ___________ at the end of their lives.
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| neutron | Large mass stars will end up as __________ stars after they explode in a supernova.
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| black holes | Super massive stars will end up as ________ _______ after they explode in a supernova.
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| light | The gravity from a black hole is so strong that not even ______ can escape.
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| Big Bang | The most universally accepted scientific theory on the origins of the universe is called the ____ ______ theory.
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| red shift | ____ ______ is the evidence discovered by Edwin Hubble that is used to explain how distant galaxies are moving away from us.
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| ALL | We use telescopes that cover _____ of the electromagnetic spectrum to study components of the universe.
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| elements | We can tell how old a star is by using a spectrometer to see what type of ___________ it is made of.
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| OBAFGKM | The classification system we use to classify stars is represented by the letters _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (from hottest to coldest)
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| Blue (O) - Light Blue (B) - White (A) - Light Yellow (F) - Yellow (G) - Orange (K) - Red (M) | Stars are classified by these colors on the HR Diagram from hottest to coldest...
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| G | Our sun is an average star with a luminosity of 1 and a surface temperature of about 5,500 K. It is classified as a ___ class yellow star.
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| lowest | M class stars have the ________ surface temperatures out of all stars on the HR diagram.
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| UV and Infrared | Light that is most similar to the visible light we can see on the EMS is ___ and ________ light.
(the wavelength and frequency are most similar)
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| visible light | When you look through an optical telescope like Galileo did, you are seeing what type of light?
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| narrow | Visible light that we can see (ROYGBIV) only makes up a very ________ band of the Electromagnetic Spectrum.
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| galaxies | When we look at the Hubble Deep Field image we are seeing distant __________ which are huge collections of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.
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| expand | When our sun runs out of Hydrogen fuel, it will begin to ________ and cool off becoming a red giant, eventually consuming the Earth.
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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