16.1, 2, 3
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| immigration | the movement of an individual or a group to a new community or region
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| emigration | the movement of an individual or group out of its native area
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| gene flow | the movement of genes into or out of a population due to interbreeding
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| genetic drift | the random change in allele frequency in a population
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| sexual selection | an evolutionary mechanism by which traits that increase the ability of individuals to attract or acquire mates appear with increasing frequency in a population; selection in which a mate is chosen on the basis or a particular trait or traits
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| stabilizing selection | a type of natural selection in which the average form of a trait is favored and becomes more common
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| disruptive selection | individuals with either extreme variation of a trait have greater fitness than individuals with the average form of the trait
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| directional selection | a natural selection process in which one genetic variation is selected and that causes a change in the overall genetic composition of the population
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| microevolution | evolution at the genetic level
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| population genetics | the study of the frequency and interaction or alleles and genes in populations
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| bell curve | a symmetrical frequency curve
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| gene pool | all of the genes of the reproductively active members of a population
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| allele frequency | the proportion of gene copies in a population that are a given allele, expressed as a percentage
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| phenotype frequency | is equal to the number of individuals with a particular phenotype divided by the total number of individuals in the population
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| Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium | a principle based on a set of assumptions about an ideal hypothetical population that is not evolving
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| speciation | the formation of new species as a result of evolution
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| morphology | the study of the structure and form of an organism
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| biological species concept | the principle that defines a species as a group of organisms whose members can interbreed to produce offspring
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| geographic isolation | the physical separation of populations due to geographic barriers that prevent interbreeding
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| allopatric speciation | happens when species arise as a result of geographic isolation
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| reproductive isolation | the inability of members of a population to successfully interbreed with members of another population of the same or related species
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| prezygotic isolation | type of reproductive isolation; occurs before fertilization
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| postzygotic isolation | type of reproductive isolation; occurs after fertilization
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| sympatric speciation | occurs when 2 subpopulations become reproductively isolated within the same geographical area
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| gradualism | a model or evolution in which gradual change over a long period of time leads to biological diversity
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| punctuated equilibrium | a model of evolution in which short periods of drastic change in species, including mass extinction and rapid speciation, are separated by long periods of little or no change
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