Biology Chapter 12.2 Terms and Definitions
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| pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family
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| carrier | in biology, an individual who has one copy of a recessive autosomal allele that causes disease in the homozygous condition
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| genetic disorder | an inherited disease or disorder that is caused by a mutation in a gene or by a chromosomal defect
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| polygenic | a characteristic of an organism that is determined by many genes
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| complex character | an organism influenced by many genetic traits?
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| multiple allele | more than two alleles (versions of the gene) for a genetic trait
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| codominance | a condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed
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| incomplete dominance | a condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individual's two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully
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| sex-influenced trait | an autosomal trait that is influenced by the presence of male or female sex hormones
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| Huntington's disease | a rare hereditary disease of the brain characterized by involuntary movements of the limbs or face, decreasing mental abilities, and eventual death
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| amniocentesis | the formation of ammonia compounds in the soil by the action of bacteria on decaying matter
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| chorionic villi sampling | a procedure in which the chorionic villi to are analyzed to diagnose fetal genotypes
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| genetic counseling | the process of testing and informing potential parents about their genetic makeup and the likelihood that they will have offspring with genetic defects or hereditary diseases
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| gene therapy | a technique that places a gene into a cell to correct a hereditary disease or to improve the genome
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