Kingdom Animalia - Invertabrates
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| Animal Kingdom | Includes the very small to the very large organisms on Earth. Animals are multicellular eukaryotes, heterotrophic, and reproduce sexually.
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| Incomplete Digestive Tract | Only one opening (food & wastes use the same opening).
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| Complete Digestive Tract | Separate openings for food & wastes.
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| Asymmetrical Body | Irregular shape (i.e. sponges, who are the simplest animals).
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| Symmetrical Body | Most animals are balanced in their shape.
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| Coelom | A fluid-filled body cavity. The presence of a coelom allows for the development of more complex organ systems.
Animals with a coelom = coelomates
Animals without a coelom = acoelomates
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| Reproduction | All animals reproduce sexually
Some also reproduce asexually
Some are hermaphrodites = have both male & female reproductive organs
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| Invertebrate | Lack of internal structures
Reproduction includes sexual & asexual
Some are coelomate (i.e. earthworm) & some are acoelomate (i.e. flatworm)
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| 8 Phyla of Invertebrates | 1.Porifera
2.Cnidaria
3.Platyhelminthes
4.Nematoda
5.Annelida
6.Mollusca
7.Echinodermata
8.Arthropoda
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| Phylum Porifera | Means “pore-bearing”
Example: Sponges
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| Phylum Cnidaria ` | Means “thistle”
Examples: Jellyfish, corals, sea anemones, hydras
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| Phylum Platyhelminthes | Means “flat, wide worms”
Examples: Tapeworms, flukes, planarians
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| Phylum Nematoda | Means “thread-like”
Examples: Pinworms, hookworms
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| Phylum Annelida | Means “ring”
Examples: Earthworms, leeches, tubeworms
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| Phylum Mollusca | Means “soft-bodied”
Examples: clams, oysters, squids, octopi, snails, slugs, scallops
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| Phylum Echinodermata | Means “spiny-skinned”
Examples: starfish, sea cucumbers, sand dollars, sea urchins
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| Phylum Arthropoda | The MOST successful phylum!!
Over 1 million species have been identified.
Very diverse – some live at the bottom of the ocean, and some float in the air.
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| Arthropods | Have jointed appendages. Have bilateral symmetry. Have a coelom. Have a “tube within a tube” digestive system. Reproduce sexually.
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| Exoskeleton | A rigid, jointed external skeleton.
Is waterproof and protects against water loss. They must shed their exoskeleton in order to grow.
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| Insects | They have many adaptations for feeding.
Most are small in size, allowing them to hide. The nature of their body segments & attached appendages.
Their well-developed nervous system.
Their structures & functions related to feeding themselves.
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| Mimicry | The ability to look like something else.
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