Physics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| momentum | quantity defined as the product of the mass and velocity of an object
🗑
|
||||
| impulse | product of force and time over which a force acts
🗑
|
||||
| impulse-momentum theorem | The mass times the change in velocity or an object(momentum) equals the force times the amount of time (impulse).
🗑
|
||||
| law of conservation of momentum | the total momentum of all objects interacting with one another remains constant regardless of the nature of the forces between the objects
🗑
|
||||
| perfectly elastic collision | A collision in which the total momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
🗑
|
||||
| perfectly inelastic collision | A collision in which two objects stick together completely after colliding
🗑
|
||||
| energy in collisions | Inelastic collisions lose kinetic energy that is used to deform the objects. Elastic collisions conserve kinetic energy.
🗑
|
||||
| rotational motion | movement in a circle or spinning
🗑
|
||||
| radian | angle formed when arc length is equal to the radius of a circle
🗑
|
||||
| angular displacement | change in angle
🗑
|
||||
| angular speed | rate at which an object moves through an angle
🗑
|
||||
| angular acceleration | rate of change in angular speed
🗑
|
||||
| tangential acceleration | rate of change in linear velocity
🗑
|
||||
| centripetal acceleration | acceleration toward the center of a circle
🗑
|
||||
| centripetal force | net force acting toward the center of a circle keeping an object in a circular path
🗑
|
||||
| gravitational force | force that is affected by the masses of objects and distances between them
🗑
|
||||
| escape speed | the lowest velocity that a body must have in order to escape the gravitational attraction of a particular planet or other object
🗑
|
||||
| torque | a quantity that measures the ability of a force to rotate an object about some axis
🗑
|
||||
| lever arm | The radius times the sine of the angle
🗑
|
||||
| center of gravity | point at which the mass of a body can be considered to be concentrated
🗑
|
||||
| moment of inertia | tendency of an object to resist a change in rotational motion
🗑
|
||||
| rotational equilibrium | The state of an object when there is no net force or net torque
🗑
|
||||
| Newton's second law for rotational motion | The torque of an object will equal it's moment of inertia times it's angular acceleration
🗑
|
||||
| angular momentum | moment of inertia times angular speed
🗑
|
||||
| conservation of angular momentum | angular momentum is conserved as long as there are no external torques
🗑
|
||||
| rotational kinetic energy | one-half the moment of inertia times angular speed squared
🗑
|
||||
| efficiency | Ratio comparing the amount of useful work to total work
🗑
|
||||
| fluid | a non-solid state of matter in which the atoms of molecules are free to flow
🗑
|
||||
| mass density | concentration of matter in an object
🗑
|
||||
| buoyant force | upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in or floating on the fluid
🗑
|
||||
| Archimedes' principle | an object completely or partially submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force buoyant force equal in magnitude to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
🗑
|
||||
| negative buoyancy | Buoyant force is less than downward force causing the object to sink
🗑
|
||||
| positive buoyancy | Buoyant force is greater than downward force so the object floats
🗑
|
||||
| apparent weight | gravitational force minus buoyant force, objects in fluids appear to weigh less
🗑
|
||||
| pressure | magnitude of the force on a surface per unit area
🗑
|
||||
| Pascal's principle | pressure applied to a fluid in a closed container is transmitted equally to every point of the fluid and to the container
🗑
|
||||
| absolute pressure | The gauge pressure plus the atmospheric pressure
🗑
|
||||
| temperature | measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance
🗑
|
||||
| viscosity | the resistance to flow of a fluid
🗑
|
||||
| laminar flow | steady and smooth flow
🗑
|
||||
| turbulent flow | rocky flow in different directions
🗑
|
||||
| Venturi effect | The speed of a fluid increases while cross-section area descreases
🗑
|
||||
| Bernoulli's principle | the pressure in a fluid decreases as the velocity of the fluid increases
🗑
|
||||
| Bernoulli's equation | The pressure plus one-half the density times velocity squared plus the density times gravitational acceleration times the elevation has to remain constant
🗑
|
||||
| ideal gas law | (P1V1)/T1= (P2V2)/T2
🗑
|
||||
| internal energy | the energy of a substance due to both the random motion of it's particles and to the potential energy that results from the distances and alignments
🗑
|
||||
| thermal equilibrium | the state in which two bodies in physical contact with one another have identical temperatures
🗑
|
||||
| thermal expansion | in general, increasing the temperature of a substance increases it's volume
🗑
|
||||
| thermometer calibrations | based off of coefficients of volume expansion and calibrated using freezing and boiling points
🗑
|
||||
| Celsius to Kelvin conversion | Tk= Tc+273
🗑
|
||||
| Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion | Tf= 1.8Tc+32
🗑
|
||||
| heat | energy transferred between objects because of a difference in temperature
🗑
|
||||
| specific heat capacity | the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogenous material
🗑
|
||||
| calorimetry | An experimental procedure used to measure the energy from one to another as heat. Hot objects are placed into a calorimeter and changes in temperature are recorded.
🗑
|
||||
| latent heat | the energy per unit mass that is transferred during a phase change of a substance
🗑
|
||||
| phase change | physical change in a substance from one state of matter to another at constant temperature and pressure
🗑
|
||||
| latent heat of fusion | amount of energy needed to melt one kilogram
🗑
|
||||
| latent heat of vaporization | amount of energy needed to boil one kilogram
🗑
|
||||
| thermal conduction | transfer of heat through direct contact
🗑
|
||||
| clothing and climate | in cold climates, clothes are made out of thermal insulators that trap air in so your body heat stays in. In hot climates, clothes are worn that cast off heat easily.
🗑
|
||||
| Hooke's law | The restoring force of a spring depends on the stiffness of the spring and the displacement from the spring's equilibrium point
🗑
|
||||
| simple harmonic motion | vibration about an equilibrium position in which a restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium
🗑
|
||||
| spring constant | stiffness of a spring
🗑
|
||||
| elastic potential energy | energy stored in elastic materials when there is a displacement from equilibrium
🗑
|
||||
| pendulum | a weight hung from a fixed point so that it can swing freely backward and forward
🗑
|
||||
| amplitude | the maximum displacement from equilibrium
🗑
|
||||
| period | the times it takes a complete cycle to occur
🗑
|
||||
| frequency | the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time
🗑
|
||||
| medium | physical environment through which a disturbance can travel
🗑
|
||||
| mechanical wave | a wave that requires a medium through which to travel
🗑
|
||||
| pulse wave | a wave that consists of a single traveling pulse
🗑
|
||||
| periodic wave | wave formed by the periodic motion of a wave source
🗑
|
||||
| crest | highest point above equilibrium position
🗑
|
||||
| through | lowest point below equilibrium position
🗑
|
||||
| transverse wave | a wave whose particles vibrate periodically
🗑
|
||||
| longitudinal wave | a wave whose particles vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is traveling
🗑
|
||||
| compressional wave | a wave whose particles vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is traveling
🗑
|
||||
| wave speed | speed at which a mechanical wave travels depends on medium
🗑
|
||||
| constructive interference | a superposition of two waves in which individual displacements on the same side of the equilibrium position are added together to form the resultant wave
🗑
|
||||
| destructive interference | a superposition of two or more waves in which individual displacements on opposite sides of the equilibrium position are added together to form the resultant wave
🗑
|
||||
| reflection | the change in direction of an electromagnetic wave at a surface that causes it to move away from the surface
🗑
|
||||
| standing wave | a wave pattern that results when two waves of the same frequency, wavelength, and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere.
🗑
|
||||
| compression | region of a longitudinal wave in which the density and pressure are at a maximum
🗑
|
||||
| rarefaction | region of a longitudinal wave that in which the density and pressure are at a minimum
🗑
|
||||
| pitch | a measure of how high or low a sound is perceived to be, depending on the frequency of the sound wave
🗑
|
||||
| Doppler effect | an observed change in frequency when there is relative motion between the source of waves and an observer
🗑
|
||||
| intensity | the rate at which energy flows through a unit area perpendicular to the direction of the waves
🗑
|
||||
| loudness | human perception of sound intensity
🗑
|
||||
| decibel | a dimensionless unit that describes the ratio of two intensities of sound
🗑
|
||||
| decibel scale | based off of the threshold of human hearing; every increase in 10dB is equal to ten times the intensity of sounds
🗑
|
||||
| natural frequency | the frequency at which an object will vibrate when set in motion
🗑
|
||||
| resonance | a phenomenon that occurs when the frequency of a force applied to a system matches the natural frequency of vibration of the system, resulting in a large amplitude of vibration
🗑
|
||||
| human hearing | humans can hear between 20 and 20,000 Hz
🗑
|
||||
| overtones | integral multiples of the fundamental frequency
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
18wiltan
Popular Physics sets