Biology Chapter 9.2 Terms and Definitions
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genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
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phenotype | an organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic that results from the organism's genotype and the environment
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homozygous | describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes
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heterozygous | describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait
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probability |
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monohybrid cross | a cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene
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Punnett square | a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross
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genotypic ratio | the ratio of the genotypes that appear in offspring
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phenotypic ratio | the ratio of phenotypes produced by a cross
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testcross | the crossing of an individual of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype
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complete dominance | a relationship in which one allele is completely dominant over another
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incomplete dominance |
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codominance | a condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed
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dihybrid cross | a cross between individuals that have different alleles for the same gene
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