Science
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| What are the four metabolic wastes? | Water, carbon dioxide, urea, and salt.
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| Liver. | Produces urea, excretes and produces bile, detoxification, deanimation, removes worn out red blood cells, removes excess amino acids, storage of glycogen (animal starch).
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| Removal of harmful toxins. | Detoxification.
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| Removal of the amino group (NH2) from amino acids which gets converted into urea. | Deanimation.
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| Function of the lungs. | Excrete carbon dioxide and water vapor.
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| What process involves having carbon dioxide and water vapor as waste products? | Cellular respiration.
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| Excretes wastes through the pores. | Sweat glands.
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| What is sweat made of? | Water, mineral salts, and urea.
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| Why is the skin's function of excretion important? | It helps regulate body temperature and maintain homeostasis.
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| Excretion. | Removal of metabolic wastes.
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| True or False: The removal of feces in the anus is a part of excretion. | False, egestion.
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| Kidneys. | Removes waste products, such as urea, from the blood and filters it, helps maintain blood pH, homeostasis, and regulates the water content of blood.
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| Structural units of the kidney. | Nephrons.
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| Cluster of capillaries encased in the upper end of the nephron. | Glomerules.
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| Permeable cup shaped structure that surrounds the glomerules. | Bowman's capsule.
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| Filtration. | Passing a liquid or gas through a filter to remove wastes.
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| Filtrate. | Materials that are filtered from the blood. (Ex: water, urea, glucose, salts, amino acids, vitamins)
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| Why aren't plasma proteins, cells, and platelets removed from the bloodstream? | They are too large to pass through the capillary walls, so they remain in the blood.
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| Reabsorption. | The process by which a liquid is taken back into a vessel.
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| How are amino acids, fats, and glucose removed from the filtrate and reabsorbed by the capillaries? | Active transport.
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| What three substances are removed from the filtrate and reabsorbed by the capillaries by active transport? | Amino acids, fats, and glucose.
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| What is urine composed of? | Urea, salts, and water.
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| Where is urine concentrated in the kidney? | The Loop of Henle.
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| A section of the nephron tubule in which water is conserved and the volume of urine is minimized. | Loop of Henle.
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| Carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. | Ureters.
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| Muscular organ in which urine is stored temporarily. | Urinary bladder.
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| Carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the bladder. | Urethra.
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| Sequence of the urinary system. | Kidneys, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra.
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