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Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| biosphere | animals/ living
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| hydrosphere | water
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| geosphere | rocks
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| atmosphere | air
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| 2 most abundant elements | oxygen and silicon
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| 2 most abundant minerals | Feldspar and quartz
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| most common rock on the surface of earth | sedimentary
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| characteristics of a mineral | inorganic, solid, defined chemical composition, orderly crystalline structure, naturally occurring
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| cleavage vs fracture | breakage pattern vs not
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| determines cleavage of fracture | strength of bonds between atoms
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| mineral made of oxygen-silicon tetrahedron | quartz
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| mineral's powder | streak
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| reflection of light off a mineral | diaphaneity
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| different types (diaphaneity) | transparent (quartz), opaque (magnetite), translucent (talc)
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| cid is used in mineralogy to test for | HCL (fizzes up)
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| mineral group: calcite, hematite, sulfur, quartz | carbonate, oxide, sulphur, silicate
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| 4 speciel tests | diaphaneity, elasticity, HCL, magnetite
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| how is each rock classified: sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic | particle size (detrital) & chemical composition (chemical), texture &mineral composition, foliated & non foliated
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| felsic, mafic (what creates difference) | light, dark, difference in silica
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| first and last to crystallize in magma (felsic or mafic) | olivine (mafic), quartz (felsic)
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| types of rocks produced by, rivers, deep in the crust, volcanoes, deep seas, melted rock in magma chamber that cooled, beaches | sedimentary(conglomerate), metamorphic, igneous, sedimentary (limestone), igneous, sedimentary (beaches)
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| sedimentary forms from what? | compaction, weathering followed by cementation,
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| igneous forms from what? | layering, cooling lava, melting followed by cooling,
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| metamorphic forms from what? | heat and pressure, foliation, chemically active fluids
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| obsidian | glassy, mafic, igneous,
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| limestone | sedimentary, calcium carbonate, large cells,
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| gneiss | metamorphic, foliated, high metamorphism
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| granite | felsic, igneous, coarse-grained
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| conglomerate | pebbles, sedimentary, detrital
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| quartzite | metamorphic, parent rock is sandstone
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| sandstone | sedimentary, medium grained, detrital
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| grabbro | mafic, course-grained, igneous
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| parent rock of metamorphic rock | original rock from which this rock was created
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| Contrast Regional Metamorphism vs Contact Metamorphism | changed by heat and pressure over wide area VS rock mineral and texture are changed by heat
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| frost wedging | cracking of rock by freesing and thawing; breaking rock into smaller pieces
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| dissolution | building up of sediments at the inside of curve of a stream (CO2 in water)
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| oxidation | a mild acid dissolves limestone and creates caverns; water and iron
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| hydrolysis | breaking down feldspar into clay; clay and water (feldspar)
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| unloading | uplift of a pluton and decreasing pressure/ splitting of igneous rock
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| mineral that weathers slowest/ fastest | quartz/olivine
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| mechanical weathering is where | far from equator
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| chemical weathering is where | near equator
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| slump | curved scar; fast
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| solifluction | slow, permafrost area
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| creep | slow, free/thaw area, best fences (slowest)
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| rockfall | fast, talus slope (fastest)
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| earthflow | fast, clay and lots of water, only sedoments
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| rockslide | fast, underlaying clay layer, lots of percipitation
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| soil horizons | O- organics, A- mineral matter, E- eluvation and leaching, B- clay, C- weathered bedrock R- not weathered bedrock
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| greatest angle of repose and least | gravel>sand>silt
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| deposited sediments: glacier, water, wind | erotics, meander, loess
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| what sediment would travel fastest in a stream | slit
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| dissolved load, suspended load, bed load, | silt, sand, gravel
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| discharge of stream | width(depth)(velocity)
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| gradient of stream | vertical drop/ distance
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| sediment with slowest permeability/ highest | biggest/ lowest
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| Snake River Aquifer contains | fractures basalt
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| groundwater discharge | Q= dh/dl times KA (velocity times gradient times area)
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Created by:
miabegic2
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