Chapter 9.1 vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| genetics | the science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parent to offspring
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| heredity | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
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| trait | a genetically determined characteristic
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| pollination | the transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structures (the anthers) to the tip of a female reproductive structure (the pistil) of a flower in angiosperms of to the ovule in gymosperms
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| self-pollination | the transfer of pollen grains from an anther to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower on the same plant
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| cross-pollination | a reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to a stigma of another plant
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| true-breeding | describes organisms or genotypes that are homozygous for a specific trait and thus always produce offspring that have the same phenotype for that trait
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| P generation | the true-breeding parents
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| F1 generation | the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms
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| F2 generation | the second generation of offspring, obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms: the offspring of the F1 generation
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| recessive | describes a trait or an allele that is expressed only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristics are inherited
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| dominant | describes the allele that is fully expressed when carried by only one pair of homologous chromosomes
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| law of segregation | Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate in meiosis so that only one chromosome from each pair is present in each gamete
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| law of independent assortment | the law that states that genes separate independently of one another in meiosis
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| molecular genetics | the study of the structure of nucleic acids and the function and the regulation of genes
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| allele | one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color
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