Unit Heredity
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| DNA | A molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
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| Chromosomes | One of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA.
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| Cell Cycle | The life cycle of a cell.
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| Interphase | The period of the cell cycle during which two alleles are expressed such that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two homozygous parents.
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| Mitosis | In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes.
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| Cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm of the cell.
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| Homologous Chromosomes | Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure.
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| Meiosis | A process of cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores).
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| Asexual Reproduction | Reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
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| Sexual Reproduction | Reproduction in which the sex cells from two parents unite to produce offspring that share traits from both parents.
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| Fertilization | The union of a male and female gamete to form a zygote.
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| Heredity | The passing of genetic material from parent to offspring.
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| Gene | One set of instructions for an inherited trait.
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| Allele | One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color.
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| Genotype | The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits.
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| Phenotype | An organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic.
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| Dominant | In genetics, describes an allele that is fully expressed whenever the allele is present in an individual.
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| Recessive | Describes an allele that will be masked unless the organism is homozygous for the trait.
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| Incomplete Dominance | A condition in which two alleles are expressed such that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is an intermediate of the phenotypes of the two homozygous parents.
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| Codominance | A condition in which two alleles are expressed such that the phenotype of a heterozygous individual is a combination of the phenotypes of the two homozygous parents.
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| Punnett Square | A graphic used to predict the result of a genetic cross.
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| Probability | The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event.
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| Ratio | A comparison of two numbers using division.
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| Pedigree | A diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of family.
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Created by:
k.schischkin.
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