Paul's Letters
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| Peters Pentecost Sermon (Acts) | "Therefore let the entire house of Israel know with certainty that God has made him both Lord and Messiah, this Jesus whom you crucified”
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| Themes of Peter's Preaching | Jesus was the Messiah.;God raised Jesus from dead;Jews should recognized this.;Instead, they guilty of having killed him.;Yet his death was part of God’s plan;apostles are witnesses of Jesus’s resurrection;Jews should repent and receive forgiveness
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| Stephen's Final Words | Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing. . . . Father, into your hands I commend my spirit” (Luke 23:34, 46).
• “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit. . . . Lord, do not hold this sin against them” (Acts 7:59-60).
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| Undisputed letters | Universally acknowledged as authentic letters of Paul; Romans 1&2 Corinthians, Galatians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, Philemon
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| Deutero-Pauline Letters | Authenticity uncertain due to linguistic/ theological differences from undisputed letters; Ephesians, Colossians, 2 Thessalonians
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| Pastoral Letters | Very different linguistically from other letters, reflect more developed church structure, least likely to be genuine letters of Paul; 1&2 Timothy, Titus
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| Typical Features of Paul's Letters | (1) Opening Formula (2) Thanksgiving (3) Body (doctrinal-what, ethnical-how) (4) Closing
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| The Parousia | "coming"/"arrival" Jesus is coming back. No one knows when, so be ready.
• His coming will trigger the resurrection of dead believers.
• He will gather dead and living believers to himself.
• His coming will also involve wrath against the wicked.
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| Key Themes of 1 Thessalonians | (1) The Apostles’ Parental Love for the
Thessalonians
(2) Enduring Persecution
(3) Sexual Purity (4) The Fate of Dead Believers
(5) Being Prepared for the Parousia
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| Underlying Concerns in 1 Corinthians | The Corinthians are divided.
• Many have adopted a libertine attitude.
• They continue to be influenced by Greek cultural values.
• Many are prideful.
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| Major Topics in 1 Corinthians | Divisions &Wisdom (1 Cor 1-4) • Sexual Conduct & Marriage (1 Cor 5-7)
• Food Offered to Idols (1 Cor 8-10)
• Spiritual Gifts (1 Cor 12-14) • Resurrection/The Parousia (1 Cor 15)
• The Lord’s Supper (1 Cor 11)
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| Galatians | The angriest/most confrontational letter of Paul.
• The only one of Paul’s letters with no thanksgiving section
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| Central Problem in Galatians | group of Jewish Christians has convinced some of the Gentile Christians that they must be circumcised in order to please God, which is contrary to what Paul had taught them.;These Jewish Christian antagonists of Paul are traditionally referred Judaizers.”
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| Pistis Christou | Pistis can mean either “faith” or “faithfulness”• Pistis Christou could mean either “faith in Christ” or “the faithfulness of Christ”.
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| Major themes in Galatians | Justification, The Holy Spirit, Abraham, curses, The Role of the Law, Freedom from Enslavement, Circumcision
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| Romans | • Unlike Paul’s other letters, Romans is written to a church that he did not establish and that he had not yet visited.
• Written from Corinth during Paul’s 3rd missionary journey (c. 57 CE), just before he journeyed to Jerusalem and was arrested.
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| Why Romans | major part of Paul’s purpose in writing Romans is to defuse the hostility between Jews and Gentiles.• He attempts to do this by presenting the gospel in a way that breaks down the boundaries between the two groups.•less harsh than Galatians
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| Hebrews | • Aims to convince Jewish Christians to remain faithful to the gospel despite persecution
(perhaps by non-Christian Jews)
• Presents Christ as superior to earlier Jewish
figures/institutions
• More like a sermon than an actual letter
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| Christ is superior to.... | Prophets, angels, Moses, priests, The Covenant with Moses, Animal Sacrifices
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| Paul vs. James | Rom 3:28 “We hold that a person is justified by faith apart from works prescribed by the law. ;Ja 2:14, 17 “What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if you say you have faith but dont have works? Can faith save you?. faith by itself, if it has no works
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| Revelation | The word apocalypse means “uncovering” or “revelation” (not “catastrophe,” “end of the world,” etc.)
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| Apocalypse | An apocalypse is a narrative in which a divine figure reveals to a human visions concerning the future
and/or the supernatural realm.
• Apocalypses often depict happenings on earth as being impacted by happenings in the
supernatural realm.
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