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science ch 8 vocab

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Term
Definition
seismology   the study of earthquakes.  
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deformation   the bending, tilting, and breaking of the earths crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress.  
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elastic rebound   the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed state.  
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seismic wave   a wave of energy that travels through the earth, away from an earthquake in all directions  
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P wave   a seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back-and-forth direction.  
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S wave   a seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in side-to-side direction.  
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seismograph   an instrument that records vibrations on the ground and determines the location and strength of an earthquake.  
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seismogram   a tracing of earthquake motion that is created by a seismograph  
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epicenter   the point on earths surface directly above an earthquake's starting point, or focus  
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focus   the point along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs.  
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gap hypothesis   a hypothesis that is based on the idea that a major earthquake is more likely to occur along the part of an active fault where no earthquakes have occurred for a certain for a certain period of time  
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seismic gap   an area along a fault where relatively few earthquakes have occurred recently but where strong earthquakes have occurred in the past  
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Created by: Xavier Vanhorn
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