Cell Transport
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| What is the function of the plasma membrane? | Isolates the cells contents from environment
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| What are membranes? | Membranes are dynamic, ever-changing structures
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| What are phospholipids? | Phospholipids are the basis of membrane structure
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| What is a phospholipid head? | 1 Polar, hydrophillic head
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| What is a phospholipid tail? | 2 Non-polar, hydrophobic heads
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| Why is the phospholipid bilayer flexible and fluid? | Allows for cellular shape changes
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| What makes the phospholipid membrane fluid? | Unsaturated fatty acids
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| Where are proteins embedded? | Phospholipid bilayer
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| What is the main role of a transport protein? | Transport substances
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| What is a fluid? | Substance that can move or change shape in response to external forces
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| What is a solute? | Substance that can be dissolved in a solvent
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| What is a solvent? | Fluid capable of dissolving a solute
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| What is concentration? | Concentration is the number of molecules in any given volume unit
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| What is a gradient? | Physical difference in concentration of two adjacent regions
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| What is diffusion? | Molecules move from areas of high concentration to low concentration until a dynamic equilibrium is reached
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| Does diffusion ever stop moving? | No!
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| What are the two types of movements across the plasma membrane? | Passive transport and energy requiring transport
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| What is a selectively permeable membrane? | Membrane that chooses which molecules may pass through and which may not
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| What is passive transport? | Substances move down their concentration gradient across a membrane.
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| What is allowed through the cell membrane? | Small, non-polar molecules (no charge)
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| What is not allowed through the cell membrane? | Charged, polar, and large molecules
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| Is energy required in diffusion? | No!
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| How do molecules distribute themselves? | Equally
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| What is osmosis? | Water diffuses from high concentration to low concentration across a membrane (Water only!)
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| What is a hypotonic solution? | High water concentration, lower dissolved solutes
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| What is a hypertonic solution? | Low water concentration, high dissolved solutes
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| What is an isotonic solution? | Equal concentrations of solutes in water and in cell
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| What is water attracted to? | Things with a charge; solutes
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| What is facilitated diffusion? | Water soluble molecules (like ions, amino acids, and sugars) diffuse with the aid of carrier transport proteins
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| What aids facilitated diffusion? | Carrier transport proteins
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| What is active transport? | Energy pumps solutes from areas of low concentration to high concentration (opposite of diffusion)
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| What concentrations does active transport go from? | Low to high
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| What concentration does diffusion go through? | High to low
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| What is the main role of membrane proteins? | Transport important substanecs
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| What is bulk transport known as? | Endocyotsis
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| What is pinocytosis? | Cell drinking
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| What is phagocytosis? | Cell eating
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| What is exocytosis? | Vesicles join membrane, dumping out contents
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| Does exo/endocytosis require energy? | Yes, lots of it!
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