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biology II-12

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Term
Definition
Light Dependent Reaction   Chlorophyll molecules in photosystems that captures light energy and transfers the energy to ATP and carrier molecules  
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Light Independent Reaction   Reactions to build carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water using energy captured during the light dependent reactions  
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Calvin Cycle   Another name for light independent reactions  
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Chloroplast   Organelle in plants where photosynthesis occurs  
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Thylakoid   Stacks of membrane bags in chloroplasts where chlorophyll is embedded; site of light reaction  
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Stroma   Fluid surrounding thylakoids; site of light independent reaction  
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Photosystem   Collection of light capturing molecules found in thylakoids  
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Chlorophyll   Main light capturing molecule for photosynthesis; reflects green wavelengths  
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Carrier Molecules   Special molecules capable of moving high energy electrons around the cell  
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Heterotrophs (hetero= other, troph= nutrition)   Organisms that obtain energy by eating other organisms or their products  
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Photosynthesis (photo= light, syn= join)   Series of chemical reactions that use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into high energy carbohydrates, autotrophs only  
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Cell Respiration   Chemical reactions to transfer energy stored in sugars and other food to ATP; releases carbon dioxide  
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ATP (adenosine TRIphosphate)   Temporary high energy molecule for cell fuel with three phoshates  
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ADP (adenosine diphophate)   Stable lower energy molecule with two phosphates; is converted to ATP  
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