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Regents Vocabulary 2

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Term
Definition
extinction   Elimination of a species from Earth.  
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evolution   Change of a species over time.  
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synthesis   To make or build something.  
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hormone   Chemical messengers that are sent through the bloodstream.  
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reproductive success   The number of offspring an individual produces and rears to reproductive age.  
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genetic variability   Each individual has a distinct set of genes among a species.  
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mutation   A change in a gene or chromosome.  
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inability   Not being able to do something.  
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lethal   deadly; fatal  
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migration   Movement from one place to another.  
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marine life   Animals or plants that live in the oceans.  
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natural oil seeps   Crude oil and natural gas naturally enter the ocean at areas known as "seeps." These hydrocarbons leak out of the ground through fractures in sediments.  
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tubeworms   These organisms live over a mile deep, and up to several miles deep, on the floor of the Pacific Ocean near black smokers, and can tolerate extremely high hydrogen sulfide levels.  
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giant mussels   The bivalve shell is usually 30  
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deep   sea crabs  
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petrochemical   A chemical made from petroleum or natural gas.  
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metabolism   All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.  
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methane   A gas with no colour or smell that is used as a fuel.  
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chemosynthesis   To make food using chemicals instead of sunlight.  
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exploiting   Taking advantage of something for one's own advantage.  
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adapt   A changing to fit new conditions.  
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variation   Changes between organisms.  
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natural selection   A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.  
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frequency   How often.  
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gene frequency   How often a particular gene occurs in the population.  
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survival value   How an animal's behavior allows it to better survive.  
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atoms   Basic unit of matter.  
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differentiation   The process by which cells develop a specialized form and function. (Cell Specialization)  
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photosynthesis   Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars.  
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decomposers   Bacteria and Fungi that break down dead organic matter.  
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Asexual Reproduction   Process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.  
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Mitosis   Form of asexual reproduction. Used by unicellular organisms for reproduction and multicellular organisms for tissue repair.  
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Sexual Reproduction   A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which is a combination of genes from both parents.  
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clone   A group of genetically identical cells or organisms derived from a single cell or individual by some kind of asexual reproduction.  
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gamete   Sex cells.  
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sex cells   sperm and egg cells  
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chloroplasts   A plastid containing chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis.  
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Chlorophyll   A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria.  
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