Chapters 1 & 2
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| Vasodilator | Widens blood vessels
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| Anticoagulant | Against blood clotting
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| Analgesic | Relieves pain
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| Diuretics | Causes diuresis (excretion of water from body)
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| Narcotic antagonist | Reverses narcotic action
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| Cardiotonic | Slows and strengthens the heartbeat
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| Antiemetic | Decreases nausea and vomiting
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| Broncholdilator | Widens bronchial tubes
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| Laxative | Increases bowel movement
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| Antitussive | Against cough
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| 16 oz. | 1pt
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| 4qt | 1 gal
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| 16 oz. | 1 lb.
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| 1g | 1000mg
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| 1mg | 1000mcg
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| 1 oz. | 30 mL
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| Unacceptable abbreviation for Units | U
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| You can lead with ______, but can not trail with __________ | 0, 0
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| Unacceptable abbreviation for 5mL | 1 tsp.
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| Unacceptable abbreviation for mL | cc
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| Unacceptable abbreviation for 15mL | 1 Tbsp.
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| Unacceptable abbreviation for Daily | qd
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| When converting grains to mg for aspirin, Tylenol, or Ibeprophen, what does 1 grain equal | 65
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| Before you prepare medications what do you need to do? | Review dose ordered, dose available, and quantity on hand
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| How many pounds are in 1 kg? | 2.2
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| What is the plan of action for incorrect dosage? | Confirm dosage with another nurse or pharmacist, notify physician if needed, fill out an incident report if indicated, and document
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| Action (drug) | Action of drugs on the human body is called pharmacodynamics, what body does with drugs is called pharmokinetics
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| Agonist | A drug or other chemical that can combine with a receptor on a cell to produce physiologic reaction typical of a naturally occurring substance
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| Antagonist | A drug or chemical that interferes with the physiological action of another, especially by combining with and blocking receptor
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| Contraindications | Specific conditions which a medication should not be used as it may have a greater than average risk of untoward effects
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| Compatibility | Capable of forming a chemically or biochemically stable system
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| Drug interaction | Situation in which a substance (usually another drug) affects the activity of a drug when both are administered together
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| Expected action | (MOA) Specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect
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| Generic name | The name for a medication, as used in the pharmacopeia, it cannot be a trademark. Name is typically give by the inventor, but must be approved first; always lower case
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| Implications | Necessary assessment info which the LPN needs prior to administration of a medication, such as vital signs, lab values, and essential patient & family education related to the medication
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| Lethal dose | The amount of a drug or other agent that if administered to an animal or human will prove fatal
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| Maximum dose | The largest dose that is safe to administer
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| Minimal does | Smallest does of a medicine or drug that will produce an effect
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| Nurse Practice Act | The legislative body in each state that determines the responsibilities of the nursing intervention and holds LPN's accountable to practice within these standards
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| Patient Response | Reactions of the patient to a treatment
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| Potentiation | Increase in strength of nerve impulses along pathways that have been used previously; either short term or long term
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| Side effect | Drug induced effect other than the desired effect
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| Tolerance | Physiological resistance to a toxin diminution in the physiological response to a drug that occurs after continued use, necessitating a larger dose to produce a given response
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| Toxic dose | Amount of a substance that may be expected to produce a toxic effect
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| Trade name | Registered or trademarked name assigned to a drug by manufacturer; always capitalized
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| What are the six rights of drug administration? | Right drug, right dose, right route, right patient, right time, right documentation
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| What are the five steps in the nursing process? | Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation
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| What do you need to know when finding drug information? | Indications, dosage range, route of administration, adverse reactions, side effects, drug interactions, effect on lab results, contraindications, antagonist, nursing considerations, and patient teaching
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| What are the characteristics of a trade name? | Short, easy to pronounce and capitalized
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| What are the characteristics of a generic name? | Longer, hard to pronounce and not capitalized
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| What are both trade and generic drugs required to have? | Same chemical compound and make up
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| What is "half-life"? | The time is takes the body to remove 50% of the drug
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| What are the three ways the body secretes drugs? | Urine, feces, and breast milk
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| What affects absorption and secretion of drugs, as well as prolongs "half-life"? | Hepatic and renal function
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| What does a shorter half-life lead to ? | More frequent dosing
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| Who completes the initial assessment? | RN
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| What is subjective data? | Information given by patient or family
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| What is objective data? | Information obtained during physical exam
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| What is a diagnosis? | Conclusion about the patients problem given by the doctor
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| Who identifies the nursing diagnosis? | RN
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| Is the nursing diagnosis the same as the medical diagnosis? | No
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| What happens during the planning phase? | Goals for patient care are determined
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| Who assist the RN in the planning process? | LPN
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| What happens during implementation? | Following the plan of care
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| What happens during evaluation? | What happens when the care plan is implemented
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| Why is accurate charting so important? | It is a legal document
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| Why don't you give children aspirin? | They can develop Reyes syndrome
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| When do you document? | As soon as possible or as a late entry
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| Steroids are | Tapered
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| What does PTT measure? | Deficiencies in clotting factors (Heparin)
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| What does PT measure? | Deficiencies in clotting factors (Coumadin)
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| What is the antidote for morphine or other narcotic over doses? | Narcan
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| What do beta blockers block? | Stimulation of B1 receptors in cardiac smooth muscle
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| What do calcium blockers do? | Inhibit calcium ion influx across the smooth muscle; reduces relaxation of coronary vascular, dilates coronary arteries, slows SA/AV node conduction & dilates peripheral arteries
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| Convert 93074 milligrams to grams | 93.074
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| Convert 64343 millilitres to litres | 64.343
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| Convert 97.196 micrograms to milligrams | 0.097196
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| Convert 91.765 grams to milligrams | 91765
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| Convert 0.056244 milligrams to micrograms | 56.244
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| Convert 16.961 micrograms to milligrams | 0.016961
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| Convert 9.707 litres to millilitres | 9707
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| Convert 0.089292 metres to micrometres | 89292
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| Convert 97599 milligrams to grams | 97.599
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| Convert 45232 milligrams to grams | 45.232
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| A client is ordered 50 milligrams of Amitriptyline. 25 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 2 tablets
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| A client is ordered 37.5 milligrams of Dothiepin. 75 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 0.5 tablets
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| A client is ordered 37.5 milligrams of Nortriptyline. 25 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 1.5 tablets
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| A client is ordered 300 milligrams of Thioridazine. 100 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 3 tablets
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| A client is ordered 0.5 milligrams of Digoxin. 250 microgram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 2 tablets
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| A client is ordered 2.5 grams of Neomycin sulphate. 500 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 5 tablets
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| A client is ordered 62.5 micrograms of Benztropine Mesylate. 0.25 mg tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 0.25 tablet
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| A client is ordered 40 milligrams of Imipramine. 10 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 4 tablets
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| A client is ordered 2.5 milligrams of Haloperidol. 5 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 0.5 tablets
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| A client is ordered 1.25 milligrams of Clonazepam. 0.5 milligram tablets are available. How many tablets will you give? | 2.5 tablets
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral I? | 1
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral V? | 5
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral X? | 10
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral L? | 50
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral C? | 100
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral D? | 500
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| What is the value of Roman Numeral M? | 1000
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| Convert the following Roman Numeral, CDIV | 404
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| Convert the following Roman Numeral, LXII | 62
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| Convert the following Roman Numeral, XLIX | 49
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| Convert the following number to a Roman Numeral, 77 | LXXVII
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| Convert the following number to a Roman Numeral, 63 | LXIII
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| Convert the following number to a Roman Numeral, 99 | XCIX
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