EBR EMS Chapter 11 Definitions
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| agglutinate | antibodies causing antigens to clump or stick together
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| anemia | deficient number of red blood cells or deficient hemoglobin
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| antibody | substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a specific substance that has entered the body
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| antigen | substance that, when introduced into the body, causes formation of antibodies against it
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| aplastic anemia | blood disorder characterized by a low red blood cell count; caused by destruction of myeloid tissue in the bone marrow
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| basophil | white blood cell that stains readily with basic dyes
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| buffy coat | thin layer of white blood cells and platelets located between red blood cells and plasma in a centrifuged sample of blood
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| carbaminohemoglobin | the compound formed by the union of carbon dioxide with hemoglobin
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| embolism | obstruction of a blood vessel by forgein matter carried in the bloodstream
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| embolus | a blood clot or other substance that is moving in the blood and may block a blood vessel
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| eosinophil | white blood cell that is readily stained by eosin
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| erythroblastosis fetalis | a disease that may develop when an Rh-negative mother has anti-Rh antibodies and gives birth to an Rh-positive baby and the antibodies react with the Rh-negative cells of the body
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| erythrocyte | red blood cells
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| fibrin | insoluble protein in clotted blood
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| fibrogen | soluble blood protein that is converted to insoluble fibrin during clotting
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| hematocrit | volume percent of blood cells in whole blood
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| hemoglobin | iron-containing protein in red blood cells
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| hemorrhagic anemia | condition charaterized by low oxygen carrying capacity of blood; caused by decreased red blood cell lifespan and/or increased rate of RBC destruction
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| heparin | substance obtained from the liver; inhibits blood clotting
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| leukemia | blood cancer characterized by an increase in white blood cells
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| leukocyte | white blood cells
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| leukosytosis | abnormally high white blood cell numbers in the blood
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| leukopenia | abnormally low white blood cell number in the blood
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| lymphocyte | type of white blood cell
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| macrophage | phagocytic cells in the immune system
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| monocyte | a phagocyte
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| neutrophil | white blood cell that stains readily with neutral dyes
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| oxyhemoglobin | hemoglobin combined with oxygen
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| pernicious anemia | deficiency of red blood cells resulting from a lack of vitamin B12
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| phagocyte | white blood cell that engulfs microbes and digests them
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| plasma | the liquid part of the blood
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| plasma protein | any of several proteins normally found in the plasma; includes albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen
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| polycythemia | an excessive number of red blood cells
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| prothrombin | a protein present in normal blood that is required fo blood clotting
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| prothrombin activator | a protein formed by clotting factors from damaged tissue cells and platelets; it converts prothrombin into thrombin, a step essential to forming a blood clot
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| serum | blood plasma minus its clotting factors, still contains antibodies
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| sickle cell anemia | when only one defective gene is inherited and only a small amount of hemoglobun that is less soluble than usual is produced
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| thrombin | protein important in blood clotting
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| thrombocyte | plays a role in blood clotting; also called platelet
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| thrombosis | formation of a clot in a blood vessel
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| thrombus | stationary blood clot
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