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Biology Chapter 4-3

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Term
Definition
Phospholipid Bilayer   double layer of phospholipids that makes up plasma and organelle membranes  
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chromosome   in a eukaryotic cell one of the structure in the nucleus, that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryote cell- main ring of DNA  
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Nuclear Envelope   double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryote cell  
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Nucleolus   part of eukaryote nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized  
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Ribosome   cell organelle composed of cell RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis  
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Mitochondrion   in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two cell membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration which produces ATP  
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Endoplasmic Reticulum   system of membranes that is found in a cells cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids  
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Golgi Apparatus   cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell.  
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Lysosomes   cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes and that buds from the Golgi apparatus  
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Cytoskeleton   the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments and tubes that play an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division  
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microtubule   one of the small, tubular fibers composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that compose the cytoskeleton, and that play a role in cell structure and movement  
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microfilament   fiber found in eukaryotic cells that is composed mainly of the protein actin and that has a role in cell structure and movement  
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cilium   hair like structure arranged in tightly packed rows that projects from the surface of some cells.  
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flagellum   long, hair like structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move  
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centriole   organelle that is composed of two short microtubules at right angles to each other and that has an active role in mitosis  
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