Chronic Bronchitis, Emphysema, Pneumothorax, Guillian-Barre, Myasthenia Gravis
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| What is the primary structure that undergoes change in Chronic Bronchitis? | The conducting airways
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| In Chronic Bronchitis the ______ _____ are enlarged | bronchial glands
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| What bacteria is found in the tracheobronchial tree of patients with chronic bronchitis? | H-Influenza and Streptococcus
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| In a PFT, a patient will show a (increase/decrease) in Expiratory Reserve Volume? | Decreased ERV
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| What is the trade name of the sympathomimetic agent albuterol? | Proventil and Ventolin
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| What is the trade name of the parasympatholytic agent ipratropium bromide? | Atrovent
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| What is produced by bronchspasms, a cardinal finding of bronchial asthma and usually heard as high-pitched sounds? | Wheezing
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| Which abnormal breathing pattern is associated with diabetic acidosis? | Kussmal's respiration
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| What 4 things are associated with digital clubbing? | Chronic infection,local hypoxia, vasodilators and arterial hypoxia
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| Which muscles inserts into the xiphoid process and into the 5th, 6th and 7th ribs? | Rectus abdominis muscle
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| Which muscles originate from the clavicle? | Sternocleidomastoid and Pectoralis major
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| Which of the following would a dull percussion note be heard? Pleural Effusion, Atelectasis, Consolidation or Pneumothorax | Pleural Effusion, Atelectasis, & Consolidation
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| What 3 things are associated with stridor? | High pitched sound, Obstruction in the trachea and Glotic edema
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| Signs of inadequate oxygenation (3)? intercostal retractions, increased energy, combativeness or cyanosis | Intercostal retractions, combativeness and cyanosis
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| Which pulse would a RT palpate on a patient during a code? | Carotid
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| Diminished breath sounds can be heard in which of the following disease process? COPD, Pleural effusion,Guillian-Barre, or CHF | COPD, Pleural effusion and Guillian-Barre
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| What is another name for Acute Alveolar Hyperventilation | Respiratory Alkalosis
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| Another name for Acute Ventilatory Failure | Respiratory acidosis
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| 4 respiratory diseases associated with chronic ventilatory failure | Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis
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| Common causes of metabolic acidosis | lactic acidosis (exercise)ketoacidosis (diabetes)renal failuredehydrationchronic diarrhea
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| Common causes of metabolic alkalosis | Hypokalemiahypochloremiagastric suctioningvomitinguse of steroid medexcess sodium bicarb
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| What is a hazard of oxygen therapy in a patient wih chronic ventilatory failure | suppress their hypoxic drive
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| During acute alveolar hypoventilation, the blood what happens to the blood? | pH decreases, paCO2 increases, HCO3 remains the same
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| Metabolic alkalosis can develop from which of the following: hypercholremia, hypokalemia, hypocloremia or hyperkalemia? | Hypokalemia and Hypochloremia
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| What ABG values would decrease in a diabetic ketoacidosis patient? | pH, PaCO2, and HCO3
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| On an X-ray, consolidation or opacity is caused by _______ | Pneumonia
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| On an x-ray, honeycombing is caused by ____ | Pulmonary Fibrosis
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| On an x-ray, Infiltrates are caused by ____ | ARDS
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| on an x-ray, the term dense means ___ | white, as in fluid or tumors
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| On an x-ray, the term opaque means ____ | White
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| on an x-ray, the term translucent means ___ | dark areas
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| Define Bronchiectasis | A change in airway, can occur alone or with other diseases, frequently found in lower lobes
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| What happens to secretions in the airways | they get stuck in pockets which lead to infections, airways are cut off by secretion build-up
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| Describe secretions in bronchiectasis | Copious amounts of foul smelling secretions
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| Bronchiectasis can lead to... | Hyperinflation of the distal alveoli, Atelectasis (due to mucus plug), consolidation (airless or gassless due to fluid in aleoli), and parenchymal fibrosis
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| What are the 3 forms of bronchiectasis? | Varicose (fusiform), cylindrical (tubular) and saccular (cystic, which cause the greatest damage)
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| An x-ray of bronchiectasis would show... | Translucent (dark), depressed diaphragms, long and narrow heart, enlarged heart
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| what is the hallmark of bronchiectasis | chronic cough and copious foul smelling secretions
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| Bronchiectasis culture of sputum will show | sputum may separate into layers and will show h-influenza, strep, pseudomonas
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| a congenital cause of 50% of all bronchiectasis | Cystic Fibrosis
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| CF is caused by | mutation on chromosome 7
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| Genetic mutation of chromosome 7 causes | abnormal electrolyte and H2O movement, Increased secretions
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| How do you diagnose CF | Sweat test
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