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human body systems and organs

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Term
Definition
circulatory system   transports materials around the body  
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capillaries   tiny blood vessels of the circulatory system that help with gas exchange and nutrient absorption  
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respiratory system   exchanges gases between the body and environment; helps with breathing  
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alveoli   small air sacks in the lungs that help with gas exchange  
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gas exchange   oxygen and carbon dioxide cross between the alveoli of the respiratory system and capillaries of the circulatory system  
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cellular respiration   glucose + oxygen --> ATP + water + carbon dioxide (how cells make cellular energy - ATP)  
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breathing   inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide  
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levels of organization   cells -> tissues -> organs -> organ systems -> organism  
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excretory system   removes wastes from the body  
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kidney   organs of the excretory system that filter wastes from the blood  
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muscular system   allows the body to move  
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nervous system   controls the body's actions and allows it to respond to stimuli in the environment  
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digestive system   breaks down food into usable nutrients  
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homeostasis   maintaining a stable internal state or environemtn  
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circulatory and respiratory systems   work together to perform gas exchange - gases cross between the alveoli and capillaries  
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circulatory and digestive systems   work together to absorb nutrients from food - nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestine  
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circulatory and excretory systems   work together to remove wastes from the blood - the kidneys filter wastes out of the blood  
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process of digestion   food is eaten -> broken down into nutrients -> atoms are rearranged -> energy is released  
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examples of homeostasis   sweating to cool your body when you exercise, breathing faster to bring in more oxygen for cells to use to make energy  
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stimuli   an internal or external change that causes a response  
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arteries   carry blood away from the heart  
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veins   carry blood toward or into the heart  
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small intestine   contains villi and absorbs nutrients that cross into the blood stream  
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absorption of nutrients   nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine of the digestive system and cross into the capillaries of the circulatory system  
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Created by: skoehler
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