ADN 11B: Drugs Common Submodule
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| OINTMENTS/CREAMS | Topical. Many. wear gloves to apply to any non-intact skin.
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| OPTHALMICS | Locally acting eye drops or ointments. Many. give carefully. avoid touching cornea with tube/dropper. wear gloves. have patient look away from medication when instilling.
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| MINERALS | Calcium. Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO4, Iron). Zinc (Zinca Pak).
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| Calcium | dietary supplement/electrolyte replacement. assess for deficiency/need for replacement. monitor for constipation.
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| Ferrous Sulfate | FeSO4, Iron. dietary supplement. assess for iron deficiency/anemia/need for replacement. monitor CBC (Hgb and Hct). monitor ferritin levels. monitor for constipation. may cause gut pain and dark stools.
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| Zinc | Zinca Pak. promotes wound healing, maintains normal growth rates, skin hydration, taste and smell sensation.
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| VITAMINS | Thiamine (Vitamin B1). Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C). Vitamin D (Ergocalciferol). Vitamin E Tocopheryl (Aquavit E). Folate/Folic Acid (Fovite). Multivitamins.
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| Thiamine | Vitamin B1. assess for deficiency/need for replacement. water soluble. necessary for nerve impulse transmission.
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| Ascorbic Acid | Vitamin C. assess for deficiency/need for replacement. water soluble. stimulate collagen formation and tissue repair.
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| Vitamin D | Ergocalciferol. assess for deficiency/need for replacement. fat soluble. aids in absorption of calcium. stimulates skeletal growth.
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| Vitamin E Tocopheryl | Aquavit E. assess for deficiency/need for replacement. fat soluble. maintains RBC integrity. anti-oxidant. inhibits platelet aggregation.
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| Multivitamins | varied vitamin supplementation. check facility specific brand for all ingredients. caution in those that contain Vit K for patients on coumadin.
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| Effecting Immune System: Prednisone | Corticosteroid. for immunosuppression. give w food. side fx: GI upset, mood changes, increased (appetite, susceptibility to infection, glucose levels), delayed wound healing. LONG term adverse fx: muscle atrophy, osteoporosis, GI ulcers, cataracts. taper
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| Glyburide | Micronase, DiaBeta. Oral Hypoglycemic. Management of type II diabetes. monitor glucose levels. Monitor LFTs, BUN and creatinine
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| Ultralente Insulin | Humulin U, Ultralente U, Novolin U. Hypoglycemic. Promotes glucose transport into the cells. Monitor blood glucose. Long acting. SC peaks 10-30.
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| Lente Insulin | Humulin L, Novolin L. Hypoglycemic. Promotes glucose transport into the cells. Monitor blood glucose. Intermediate acting. SC peaks 4-8 hours.
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| NPH Insulin | Humulin N, Novolin H, NPH N. Hypoglycemic. Promotes glucose transport into the cells. Monitor blood glucose. Intermediate acting. SC peaks 4-8 hours.
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| Regular Insulin | Humulin R, Novoline R. Hypoglycemic. Promotes glucose transport into the cells. Give SC. Monitor blood glucose. Give 30 min to 1 hour before meals. SC apak action 2-3 hours. ONLY regular insulin used for sliding scale coverage.
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| Levothyroxin | Synthroid, Levothroid. Thyroid hormone replacement. Dose highly individualized for hypothyroid. Check TSH level.
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| Triamcinolone | Azmacort. Inhaled steroid. Slow bronchodilation. Used to stabilize bronchial inflammation and prevent exacerbations. Not for acute attacks of asthma/bronchospasm. Rinse mouth after use.
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| Becomethasone | Vanceril. Inhaled Steroid. Slow bronchodilation. Used to stabilize bronchial inflammation and prevent exacerbations. Not for acute attacks asthma/bronchospasm. Rinse mouth after use. Varying strengths.
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| Fluticasone | Flovent. Inhaled steroid. Slow bronchodilation. Used to stabilize bronchial infllamation and prevent exacerbations. Not for acute attacks of asthma/bronchospasm. Rinse mouth after use. Varying strengths.
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| Ipatropium | Atrovent. Bronchodilator. Used in COPD, bronchospasm, asthma. Check route. MDI = metered dose inhaler Neb = nebulizer
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| Albuterol | Ventolin, Proventil. Bronchodilator . Rapid action to dilate bronchi. Assess RR, breath sounds and heart rate. Monitor for tachycardiajitteriness. Check route. MDI = metered dose inhaler Neb = nebulizer
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| Simvastatin | Zocor. HMG-CoA reductase or "Statin". Reduces cholesterol (total, LDL, trigs) production in liver. monitor LFTs and monitor for muscle weakness. Increases good cholesterol (HDLs).
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| Atorvastatin | Lipitor. HMG-CoA reductase or "Statin". Reduces cholesterol (total, LDL, trigs) production in liver. Monitor LFTs and monitor for muscle weakness. Increases good cholesterol (HDLs)
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| Bisacodyl | Dulcolax. Stimulant laxative. Given prn constipation. Suppository works w/in 30 minutes.
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| Lactulose | Osmotic laxative. Also prevents absorptionof and lowers ammonia levels. Monitor stools. Give diluted.
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| Magnesium Hydroxide | Milk of Magnesia (MOM). Saline Laxative. Give in no BM in 2-3 days. Monitor for BM in 6-8 hours.
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| Docusate | Colace. Stool softener. Given to prevent constipation. Monitor stools. Hold diarrhea develops.
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| Psyllium | Metamucil. Bulk fiber. To prevent constipation. Stir into at least 8 ozs of water or juice and give immediately. Monitor stools.
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| Omeprazole | Prilosec. Proton pump inhibitor. Prevent or tx of ulcers. Take 30 mins before or 60 min after meals. Monitor LFTs and CBC
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| Cimetidine | Tagamet. Histamine 2 Blocker. Reduces acid production. Ulcer prevention/tx. Interacts with many other drugs. Assess for drug to drug interactions.
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| Famotidine | Pepsid. Histamine 2 Blocker. Reduces acid production. Ulcer prevention/tx
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| Ranitidine | Zantac. Histamine 2 Blocker. Reduces acid production. Ulcer prevention/tx
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| Aluminum & Magnesium | Maalox, Mylanta II. Antacids. Monitor for relief of dyspepsia if given PRN. Monitor BMs.
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| Magnesium Oxide | MgOx. Magnesium Supplement
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| Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate | Kayexalate. Potassium removing resin. Treatment of Hyperkalemia. Comes po/pr. Monitor stools and potassium levels.
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| Potassium Chloride | K dur. Micro K. KCL liquid. Potassium Supplement. Give liquids well diluted. Usually given when potassium wasting diuretic is also given.
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| Hydrochlorothiazide & Triamterene | Dyazide. Maxzide. Antihypertensive. Potassium Sparing diuretic. Monitor for dehydration and hyperkalemia
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| Furosemide | Lasix. Loop diuretic/antihypertensive. Potassium wasting. expect to give with potassium supplement. Monitor for edema/dehydration. Check weight frequently. Monitor BP and potassium levels for hypokalemia. hold if SBP < 90. Monitor for ototoxicity
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| Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) | Hydrodiuril. Thiazide diuretic/Antihypertensive. Potassium wasting. expect to give with potassium supplement. Monitor for edema/dehydration. check wt freq. Monitor BP and potassium levels for hypokalemia. Hold if SBP < 90
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| Metoprolol | Lopressor. Antianginal/Antihypertensive. Beta Blocker. Slows heart rate and lowers BP. Monitor BP and AP. Hold if AP<60 and if SBP<110 check with MD
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| Propranolol | Inderal. Antianginal/Antihypertensive. Beta blocker. Slows heart rate and lowers BP. Monitor BP and AP. hold if AP<60 and SBP<110 (check with MD)
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| Atenolol | Tenormin. Antianginal/Antihypertensive. Beta Blocker. Slows heart rate and lowers BP. Monitor BP and AP. Hold if AP<60 and check with MD if SBP<110
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| Amlodipine | Norvasc. Calcium Channel Blocker. Antihypertensive/Antianginal/Antiarrhythmic. Monitor BP. Check with MD if SBP<90 DBP<60 and AP<60
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| Diltiazem | Cardizem. Antihypertensive/Antiarrhythmic/ Antianginal. Calcium Channel Blocker. Monitor BP and AP. Hold if AP<60, SBP<90 and DBP<60
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| Captopril | Capoten. Antihypertensive. ACE inhibitor. Monitor K+ level. assess for dry cough. Monitor BP. check with MD if SBP<110. Monitor for sudden drop in BP w/in 3 hrs of initial dose
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| Benazepril | Lotensin. Antihypertensive. ACE inhibitor. Monitor K+ level. assess for dry cough. monitor BP. Check with MD if SBP<110. Monitor for sudden drop in BP w/in 3 hrs of initial dose
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| Lisinopril | Zestril. Antihypertensive. ACE inhibitor. Monitor K+ levels. Assess for dry cough. Check with MD if SBP<110. Monitor for sudden drop in BP w/in 3 hrs of initial dose
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| Clonidine | Catapres. Antihypertensive. Monitor BP. Check with MD if SBP<110
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