Microbiology
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Most common length units in microbiology are : | micrometer (µm)
nanometer (nm)
🗑
|
||||
| Compound light microscope uses: | Visible light
🗑
|
||||
| Compound light microscope contains two lenses : | Ocular
• 10X (most common)
🗑
|
||||
| – Objective (in a revolver) | 4X, scanning
• 10X, low-power
• 40X, dry high-power
• 100X, Oil-immersion high power
🗑
|
||||
| 4X | scanning
🗑
|
||||
| 10X | low power
🗑
|
||||
| 40X | dry high power
🗑
|
||||
| 100X | oil-immersion high power
🗑
|
||||
| Magnification = | ocular 10 x times objective
🗑
|
||||
| Resolution or (resolving power) | is the ability to distinguish fine detail
between two points
🗑
|
||||
| Resolution of brightfield microscope | 0.2um
🗑
|
||||
| Human eye resolution | 0.2 mm
🗑
|
||||
| • Resolution of electron microscope | 0.5nm
🗑
|
||||
| – The shorter the wave length the______________. | the higher the resolution
🗑
|
||||
| Long wevelength | light
🗑
|
||||
| Short wevelength (electrons) | electrons
🗑
|
||||
| field of vision for 4x |
🗑
|
||||
| Long wevelength | light
🗑
|
||||
| Short wevelength (electrons) | electrons
🗑
|
||||
| Field of vision for 4x | 5
🗑
|
||||
| Field of vision for 10x | 2
🗑
|
||||
| Field of vision for 40x | 0.5
🗑
|
||||
| Field of vision for 100x | 0.2
🗑
|
||||
| Numerical aperture (NA) setting | Match NA of
objective lens
in use with NA
of iris
diaphragm in
condenser
🗑
|
||||
| Numerical aperture (NA) setting gives the specimen : | Better
resolution and
contrast
🗑
|
||||
| Refraction is the: | the change in direction of a wave (light) due to
a change in its transmission medium (air, glass, water, etc.)
🗑
|
||||
| Without immersion oil | most light is refracted
and lost
🗑
|
||||
| Refractive index | Light-bending
ability of a
medium
🗑
|
||||
| Electron beam is located on the | electron microscope
🗑
|
||||
| The Light microscope 's highest magnification is : | 1000 x
🗑
|
||||
| The Light microscope's Resolution is : | 0.2um
🗑
|
||||
| The Light microscope's Radiation source is | Visible light
🗑
|
||||
| The Light microscope's Lenses are: | Glass
🗑
|
||||
| The electron's microscope's highest magnification is: | >100,000
🗑
|
||||
| The electron's microscope's resolution is | 0.5nm
🗑
|
||||
| The electron's microscope's radiation source is | electrons
🗑
|
||||
| The electron's microscope's lenses are: | electromagnet
🗑
|
||||
| Preparation of bacterial specimens for brightfield microscopy include: | 1. Smear microorganisms onto
slide
2. Fixing
3. Flood with stain
4. Washing
5. Drying
6. Microscope observation
🗑
|
||||
| Smear | A thin film of a solution of microbes on a slide
🗑
|
||||
| What are the most common heat-fixing? | Alcohol or heat
🗑
|
||||
| What does heat-fixing do? | – Attaches
microorganisms to
slide
– Kills microorganisms
– Preserves structures
with minimal
distortion
🗑
|
||||
| Chromophore is the positive ion • Chromophore attaches to negatively charged surfaces | Basic dyes
🗑
|
||||
| Chromophore is the negative ion • Chromophore attaches to positively charged surfaces | Acidic dyes
🗑
|
||||
| The colored ion is named the | chromophore
🗑
|
||||
| Positive chromophore the dye: | penetrates the cell
🗑
|
||||
| Negative Chromophore the dye: | does not penetrate the cell
🗑
|
||||
| Basic (positive chromophore) typse of dyes are: | – Methylene blue
– Fuchsin
– Crystal violet
– Safranin
🗑
|
||||
| Acid dyes (negative chromophore) types of dyes are: | Nigrosin (China/India ink)
– Eosin
– Rose bengal
🗑
|
||||
| Simple stains are rarely used and: | Highlight the entire microorganism
Cell shape and
Arrangement of cells
🗑
|
||||
| Only one dye (basic) is used: | simple stain
🗑
|
||||
| Differential Stains | Used to differentiate bacteria
– Gram stain
– Acid fast
🗑
|
||||
| T/F Different bacteria respond differently to different stains | true
🗑
|
||||
| Christian Gram | developed gram staining in 1884
🗑
|
||||
| not part of the original stain by Christian Gram) | Counterstain
🗑
|
||||
| No lipid coat | gram positive
🗑
|
||||
| Lipid coat present | gram negative
🗑
|
||||
| Gram positive cells have a thick peptidoglycan coat that: | –Prevents CV-I complexes from exiting the cell
🗑
|
||||
| Gram negative cells have a lipid coat and a thin peptidoglycan coat and | Alcohol disrupts the lipids, and the thin
peptidoglycan coat does not stop CV-I
complexes from exiting
🗑
|
||||
| T/F Some bacteria stain poorly or not at all. | true.
🗑
|
||||
| Why do older cultures of gram-positive bacteria give inconsistent results? | because of the degradation of peptidoglycans
🗑
|
||||
| In acid fast staining Bacteria of the genus___________has a coat of waxy material. | Mycobacterium
🗑
|
||||
| After staining with carbol-fuchsin (red), the red color persists after washing with | acid-alcohol (acid fast)
🗑
|
||||
| Carbol-fuchsin is washed off from bacteria without the waxy coat (non-acid fast) | Red color disapears
– Cell stained with a conunterstain,
usually methylene blue
🗑
|
||||
| What are the names of 3 type of special staining? | Negative staining, Endospore staining,Flagella staining
🗑
|
||||
| Negative Staining: | – Stains background, not cell
🗑
|
||||
| Endospore staining: | Heat to drive malachite green
into endospore
🗑
|
||||
| Flagella staining: | – Use of a mordant to widen
flagella
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
1155187441193384
Popular Biology sets