Soc Chapter 1
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| antipovitism | the view that social researchers should strive for subjectivity as they worked to represent social processes, cultural norms, and societal values
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| conflict theory | a theory that looks at society as a competition for limited resources
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| contructivism | an extension of symbolic interaction theory which proposes that reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be
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| culture | a group's shared practices, values, and beliefs
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| dramatical analysis | a technique sociologists use in which they view society through the metaphor of theatrical performance
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| dynamic equilibrium | a stable state in which all parts of a healthy society work together properly
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| dysfunctions | social patterns that have undesirable consequences for the operation of society
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| figuration | the process of simultaneously analyzing the behavior of an individual and the society that shapes that behavior
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| function | the part a recurrent activity plays in the social life as a whole and the contribution it makes to structural continuity
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| functionalism | a theoretical approach that sees society as a structure with interrelated parts designed to meet the biological and social needs of individuals that make up society
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| generalized others | the organized and generalized attitude of a social group
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| grand theories | an attempt to explain large-scale relationships and answer fundamental questions such as why societies form and why they change
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| hypothesis | a testable proposition
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| latent functions | the unrecognized or unintended consequences of a social process
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| macro-level | a wide-scale view of the role of social structures within a society
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| manifest functions | sought consequences of a social process
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| micro-level theories | the study of specific relationships between individuals or small groups
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| paradigms | philosophical and theoretical frameworks used within a discipline to formulate theories, generalizations and the experiments performed in support of them
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| positivism | the scientific study of social patterns
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| qualitative sociology | in-depth interviews, focus groups, and/or analysis of content sources as the source of its data
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| quantitative sociology | statistical methods such as surveys with large numbers of participants
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| reification | an error of treating an abstract concept as though it has a real, material existence
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| significant others | specific individuals that impact a person's life
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| social facts | the laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life
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| social institutions | patterns of beliefs and behaviors focused on meeting social needs
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| social solidarity | the social ties that bind a group of people together such as kinship, shared location, and religion
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| society | a group of people who live in a defined geographical area who interact with one another and who share a common culture
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| sociological imagination | the ability to understand how your own past relates to that of other people, as as to history in general and societal structures in particular
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| sociology | the systematic study of society and social interaction
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| symbolic interactionsm | a theoretical perspective through which scholars examine the relationship of individuals within their society by studying their communication (language and symbols)
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| theory | a proposed explanation about social interactions or society
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| verstehen | a German word that means to understand in a deep way
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| qualitative design | Design is generally based on a social constructivism perspective. Research problems become research questions based on prior research experience. Data collection involves interview, observation, and/or archival (content) data.
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| quantitative design | Quantitative methods emphasize objective measurements and the statistical, mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires, and surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using computational techniques.
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