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SS Finals

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
        Help!  

Term
Definition
equator   show
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prime meridian   show
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latitude   show
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show imaginary lines that run vertically; measured E or W from prime meridian; degrees; comes second in location (latitude, longitude)  
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show a scientist who hunts for evidence buried in the ground where settlements might once have been; studies artifacts and looks for fossils  
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artifact   show
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fossil   show
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show a scientist who focus on human society, studies how human developed, and studies how humans related to one another  
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nomad   show
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technology   show
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domesticate   show
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show Babylonian ruler; conquered only city-states north and south, creating an empire; Code of Hammurabi written in 1750 B.C.  
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show a way of watering crops; building dams and channels to control the seasonal floods; building walls, waterways, and ditches to bring water to fields; allowed farmers to grow plenty of food and support a large population  
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show a part of Sumer- one Sumerian city and the land around it; had its own government, (the government wasn’t part of any larger unit)  
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show a skilled worker who made metal products, cloth or pottery  
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show Sumerian writing; consisted of hundreds of wedge-shaped marks cut into damp clay tablets with a sharp-ended reed; developed to keep track of business deals and other events; written by scribes  
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show record keepers; few boys (males) from wealthy families learned to write; they held honored positions in society, often going on to become judges or political leaders  
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show a group of many different lands under one ruler  
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show 3500-1800 B.C. first formal civilization; no central government; frequent wars and disagreements;ziggurats;cuneiform writing;wheel; plow; sailboat;bronze tools;farming;government;writing;12 month calendar;conquered by Sargon of Akkadian  
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show Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Chaldeans, river valleys (fertile land); government – laws, armies, buildings, language, social groups; Fertile Crescent; present day Iraq; between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers; floods; irrigation  
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show 1800-1600 B.C. large center of trade; Hammurabi conquered city states north and south creating an empire, Code of Hammurabi 1750 B.C.  
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show 900 – 612 B.C. conquered Babylonians; at peak of power controlled Mesopotamia, Fertile Crescent, Egypt; empire divided into provinces; warrior culture; cavalry, battering rams, and other tools  
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Nebuchadnezzar   show
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Province   show
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show first settlers around 10,000 B.C.; flows south to north; starts in the mountains of East Africa; flows into the Mediterranean Sea creating the Nile Delta; fertile land; encouraged trade and cooperation between villages;  
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show Where Egyptians’ got food (fish), cleaned, bathed, drank, transported  
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show The Egyptian system of writing; made up of hundreds of picture symbols;stood for objects and ideas,others stood for sounds; carved on stone walls and monuments by scribes; a simplified version was made for everyday purposes and was written on papyrus  
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Sahara   show
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cataract   show
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show an area of fertile soil where branches of the Nile River fan out; Lower Egypt; near Mediterranean Sea  
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show a reed plant that grew along the shores of the Nile; originally used to make baskets, sandals, and river rafts; later used for papermaking  
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show a line of rulers from one family; when one died out, another took its place; a passing down from father to son to grandson….of ruling power  
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show Great Pyramid’s owner; Great Pyramid built 2540 B.C.; 10 miles from Cairo; standing in Giza, west bank of Nile; 500 feet tall; 9 football fields; 2 million 2.5 ton bricks  
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show an Egyptian king; lived in a great palace with family; “great house; an all powerful ruler who guided Egypt’s every activity  
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show unearthed in an old fort near Rosetta; discovered in AD 1799 by a French officer; 3 languages: Egyptian (hieroglyphics), Greek, demotic  
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deity   show
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embalming process   show
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show the result of embalming (a wrapped body); was put into several coffins, one fitting inside the other  
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pyramid   show
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religion   show
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show main god: Re (Ra), the sun god; Hapi, Nile River god; Isis, goddess of loyal wives and mothers; Osiris, god of the dead  
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show city of Middle Kingdom, south of Memphis, large city  
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show First Egyptian female ruler; came to power as queen in 1473B.C.; ruled first as wife, then aunt, then pharaoh; avoided military conquests; focused on trade, economy, and wealth of Egypt; had a peaceful reign; rebuilt temples; built monuments  
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show Most Israelites’ settlement; present-day countries: Lebanon, Israel, Jordan; after drought and famine in Mesopotamia, Bible said that Abraham led the Israelites to Canaan  
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show heard a voice: he believed that God was telling him to lead the Israelites out of Egypt to freedom; Exodus; got help from God  
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show belief in one god – religion type  
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show the Israelites’ laws from God; first part of the Hebrew Bible (5/39 books of the Hebrew Bible); 10 Commandments are basic moral laws (beginning of Torah)  
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show originally, a shepherd; a king after Saul; chosen by God and anointed secretly; brace soldier; hidden until and returns after death of Saul; runs Philistines (strongest occupants of Canaan at the time) out of Canaan makes Jerusalem the capital  
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Jerusalem   show
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show one of the two kingdoms that formed after Solomon’s death; smaller of the two; southern; capital was Jerusalem; its people were called Jews  
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Solomon   show
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show a person who claims to be instructed by God to share God’s words  
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proverb   show
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show where Jews went during exile: Jews met on Sabbath, prayed in synagogue  
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Diaspora   show
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Exile   show
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show the Jewish weekly day of worship and rest  
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Synagogue   show
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show Jews that wanted to fight the Romans for their freedom; revolted in 66 A.D. drove them out of Jerusalem; Romans retook Jerusalem 4 years later  
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show desert herder in early Arabia; traveled from oasis to oasis; lived in tents; ate dried nuts, berries, little meat  
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show prophet, wealthy merchant, unhappy with society; growing poverty, unfair businessmen, family neglect; begins to spread Allah’s (God’s) message; preaches equality and charity; followers of Islam are called Muslims  
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show holy book of Islam containing God’s written word, rules of life, and moral teachings  
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Shiites   show
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Sunnis   show
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Shiites and Sunnis   show
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show Muslim house of worship; served as a school, court, and center of learning; a major part of Muslim cities  
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show preaches/travels from 30-33 AD; 12 close followers-disciples; considered himself and told Christians to consider him as the son of God; told people that a relationship with God is more important than following religious laws; was crucified by the Romans  
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show a deliverer  
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show a person who could spark strong reactions; a threat to Roman law and order  
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persecute   show
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crucify   show
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clergy   show
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show a group of writings to guide Christians; tells about the life and death of Jesus; tells teachings of Jesus  
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show Hebrew Bible; also part of Christian Bible, not just Jewish  
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show formed of Latin-speaking Christians who accepted “pope” as head of church in 600 A.D. (bishop of Rome became pope); Western Roman Empire (Rome)  
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Eastern Orthodox Church   show
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Dark Ages   show
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Colony   show
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show a tiny independent country; no close ties to its homeland; example – a Greek city-state  
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show an open area below an acropolis that was both a market and a place where people could meet and debate issues  
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Sparta   show
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show a Greek city-state; boys attended school until age 18; girls were taught at home (running household; wealthy girls: reading, writing, lyre-playing); government: democracy;matters were discussed, debated and voted on; non-citizens not included  
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Delian League   show
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show the Athenians’ democratic system in which people gather at mass meetings to decide on government matters  
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Representative democracy   show
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Solon   show
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show won support of poor by dividing wealthy people’s land and giving it to landless farmers, loaned money to them, gave them work (Cleisthenes came after)  
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show the Spartans’ type of government in which a few people hold power  
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show a captive worker of the Spartans; “capture  
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show present day southwestern Iran; warriors and nomads were united by Cyrus; Darius (20 provinces, ruled by a satrap; paid full-time soldiers; large army); religion – Zoroastrianism (monotheistic); fought Persian Wars against Greece; empire falls  
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Cyrus the Great   show
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Darius   show
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Xerxes   show
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satrapies   show
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Pericles   show
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Philosopher   show
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show Deities shape events and lives; 12 main gods (and goddess) live on Mount Olympus; all powerful; *most Greeks are Christians today – Eastern Orthodox or Greek Orthodox  
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Gods and goddesses   show
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myth   show
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show a story told by actors who pretend to be characters in the story; speak, show emotion, and imitate the actions of the characters they represent (tragedies and comedies)  
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show Greek philosopher: rejected democracy; believed that philosopher-king should rule; his “Republic” tells about his ideal government; introduced the idea of a fair and just government  
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Pythagoras   show
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show Greek philosopher; criticized the Sophists; believed in absolute right and wrong; Socratic method: pointed questions force pupils to use reasoning and thinking; teachers use his methods today  
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Aristotle   show
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Herodotus   show
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Philip II   show
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show Philip II’s son; Macedonian king (age 20); “Iliad” was inspiration; treated army well; great military leader; spread empire through most of today’s Middle East; sp  
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Alexander the Great's accomplishments   show
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Legacy   show
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show huge mountains that make India a subcontinent; the highest mountains in the world  
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show the area around the Indus River; in India; fertile land; water of Indus River needs to be controlled  
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show strong wind that blows one direction in winter (cold, dry air) opposite direction in summer (wet, warm air); brings different climates  
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Sanskrit   show
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show the leader of an Aryan tribe; ran a small kingdom  
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show a teacher of a boy in a wealthy family  
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show the system of having social groups that someone is born into and cannot change; “jati”; dictates your occupation, spouse and social partners  
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Hinduism   show
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show founded by Siddhartha Gautama ( questioned the suffering of other people); understand the world by giving up desires; nirvana; Four Noble Truths; two groups because of disagreements: Theravada and Mahayana  
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show the consequences of how a person lives; Hinduism (many lives lead to the Brahman; reincarnation; dharma)  
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reincarnation   show
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show a government in which religious leaders head a government; rulers were called lamas  
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show Chandragupta Maurya; conquered an area in northern India left by Alexander the Great; dynasty founded in 321 B.C.; centralized government from Pataliputra (strong army, spy system, postal sysem); Asoka  
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show ruled from 273-232 B.C.; first great Buddhist king; dedicated life to peace; built hospitals for people and animals, roads, stupas; tolerated other religions; died in 232 B.C.; poor leadership follows, ending the Mauryan Empire  
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Gupta Empire   show
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pilgrim   show
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Shang Dynasty   show
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show 3500 years old, pictographs and ideograph, most characters represent whole words  
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show Wu Wang started it in 1045 B.C.; warring states led to creation of sword, spears, crossbow, saddles, stirrups; bureaucracy under king; aristocrats controlled land; irrigation systems; flood control systems;more crops, food, bigger population, trade increa  
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show Emperor Shinhuangdi;contolled neighboring states one by one; followed Legalism; strong central government (province and county rulers were chosen by king); unified China;Great Wall (kept out Xiongnu); civil war; terracotta warriors  
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Han Dynasty   show
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Mandate of Heaven   show
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show a Chinese philosophy that promotes a peaceful society; Taoism (nature)  
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show basis for Daoism; told people how to behave and be peaceful: give up all worldly possessions, seek inner peace and look for harmony with nature  
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Hanfeizi   show
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Confucius   show
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Legalism   show
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show transportation of goods; silk trading provides a lot of revenue (government income); travel along the Silk Road allows for plenty of trade (4000 miles from western to southwest China; covers numerous territories; reached Byzantine Empire when empire grew  
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show “Made Rome”; abandoned near Tiber River; wolf saves boys; Romulus kills Remus; Rome named after Romulus  
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Twelve Tables   show
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Etruscans   show
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show a form of government in which the leader is not a king of queen, but someone put in office by citizens with the right to vote; the citizens have the power; Roman Republic formed when Romans overthrew the Tarquins  
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legion   show
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Carthage   show
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show a wall built by Hadrian (a “Good Emperor” of the Pax Romana) across northern Britain to keep out Pics and Scots: warlike people from northern Britain  
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show 1st – fight for Scicily; naval battle; Rome’s victory; 2nd – Hannibal (officer) sent to attack Rome; fought via Spain into Italy; Scipio invades Carthage; Carthage loses Spain, navy and money to Rome; 3rd – Rome destroys Carthage  
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Hannibal   show
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patrician   show
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show made up of Roman lower class; artisans, shop keepers, and owners of small farms; Roman citizen; could not serve in government; could not marry a patrician  
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show patrician; chosen every year; top government official; headed the army and ran the government  
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show killed on March 15th (“Ides of March”); Julian calendar; part of the first triumvirate; filled senate with loyal members  
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Julius Caesar's accomplishments   show
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show part of second triumvirate; Lepidus retires, Antony dies (marries Cleopatra; gets war declared, Antony and Cleopatra VII die); starts Roman Empire; restores republic, (follows ideas of Cicero; changed name to Augustus)  
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show  
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Pax Romana   show
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show a human made channel for carrying water long distances (across valleys or hillsides) using gravity, aboveground stone arches, and underground (stone or clay) pipes  
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Ptolemy   show
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show a disease that spreads widely; took its toll during Rome’s decline; in Rome took the lives of one in every ten people  
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mosaic   show
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show emperor after Constantine; decided to divide empire after death; in 395 A.D., Roman Empire split; Western Roman Empire (capital: Rome) and Eastern Roman Empire (capital: Constantinople)  
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The Byzantine Empire adopted this form of Christianity?   show
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show Emperor Justinain’s wife; helped Justinian rule; chose officials’, passed laws, increased women’s rights (wives could own land); strong willed and intelligent; saved Justinian’s throne in 532 A.D.  
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show site of first Chinese civilization  
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show used to contact spirits  
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show open space for market place in the middle of Rome  
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show Rome’s greatest public speaker  
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Julian Calendar   show
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show recorded history without referring to mythology or deities  
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show nobles whose wealth came from the land they owned  
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Bureaucracy   show
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show people who pay their rent by giving the landlord a portion of their crops  
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Merchants/skilled workers   show
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Currency   show
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show taking control marks the fall of Western Roman Empire  
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3 Sumerian inventions   show
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show King Neb.  
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This is the faith of the Israleites   show
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