EEB 484 Final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Pest resurgence | occurs if the targeted pest species bounces back to damaging levels after pesticide application.
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| Secondary pest outbreak | pesticides can also cause this if another species other than the targeted pest become damaging.
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| Agroforestry | Silvopastoral farming, mixing agriculture, forestry and grazing.
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| Organic certification | vary, but no synthetic fertilizers or pesticides are to be used for several consecutive growing seasons.
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| LEI (Low external input) | combines the best of both wildlife-friendly and land-sparing practices. (minimized pesticides)
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| IPM(integrated pest management) | a suite of techniques that helps reduce the use of synthetic pesticides-- last resort.
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| CCD | all adult honey bees suddenly disappear from a hive despite the continued presence of a queen bee. (neonicotinoids)
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| GE | Genetically-engineered crops.
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| leaching | (with reference to a soluble chemical or mineral) drain away from soil, ash, or similar material by the action of percolating liquid, especially rainwater.
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| eutrophication | excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.
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| What are the negative effects of roads built for logging (even if it's sustainable logging)? | Kill animals ; Create edge; Block dispersal; Provide access to nonnative species; Increase forest fire ignition; Cause erosion; Alter hydrology.
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| Alternative building materials | Bamboo grown on poor soils, harvested every few years; Recycled plastics and wood fiber
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| Alternative fuel sources | solar power-- cookers, fuel efficient stoves; side benefit: lead to improved human health.
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| What does unsustainable forestry look like? | Large clear-cuts; Soil compaction/ erosion; Replanting with one species, same age
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| What does sustainable forestry look like? | Minimal road building; Small clear-cuts; Selective harvest; Replanting to protect soils; Avoidance of steep slopes, riparian areas; Consideration of key nesting sites.
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| What are the 3 downsides to the Green Revolution? | 1. eutrophication; 2. global warming; 3. toxic pesticides
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| What do we need to know about honeybees (3 things)? | Responsible for pollinating 70% of our crops; Neonicotinoids cause neuro-degeneration in bees (developed in 1990s); Colony collapse disorder in 2000s.
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| Climate change will lengthen the fire season. What will the future climate be like? | Longer, hotter summers; More drought; El Nino more frequent and more intense = more tropical droughts = more dead trees = more fuel = more fire = more CO2 = more climate change.
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| Land-sparing strategy characteristics (3 things)? | 1. Use less land 2. more intense land use w/ more potential toxins 3. Highly industrialized monocultures yielding the largest possible amounts of food per unit area.
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| Land-sharing characteristics (4 things)? | 1. Coexist with biodiversity 2. Small ag. fields interspersed w/ patches of wildlife habitat 3. Pests controlled by natural predators 4. Crops cover more land area
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| What's the most common pollutant in saltwater? | Nitrogen
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| What's the most common pollutant in freshwater? | Phosphorus
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| Wildlife-friendly strategy | Envisions small agricultural fields interspersed with patches of habitat and corridors of native vegetation and natural predators rather than pesticides.
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| ___, ___, ____, or _____ (4 things) requires less land and water and entails fewer greenhouse gas emissions and less nitrogen pollution than obtaining the same amount of protein from ____. | Dairy, poultry, pork or eggs; BEEF.
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| Strategies for the future of forests: | Alternative resources; Sustainable forestry; Economic instruments; Local involvement.
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