Earthquake Vocabular for 3 period science
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| Mantle | rocky layer located under the crust. Composed of silicon, oxygen, magnesium, and calcium
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| lithosphere | crust plus the rigid, upper mantle
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| asthenosphere | the part of upper mantle that is flowing
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| seismic wave | wave generated by an earthquake
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| surface wave | seismic wave that moves rock particles in a
backward, rolling motion and also in a side-to-side,
swaying motion
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| mohorovicic discontinuity | separates the crust and the upper mantle
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| earthquake | vibrations, or shaking, produced when rocks
break along a fault
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| crust | rigid, rocky outer surface of the Earth
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| focus | point below Earth’s surface where energy is first released in the form of seismic waves
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| epicenter | point on Earth’s surface directly above the
earthquake focus
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| Mercalli | scale used to measure the strength of an earthquake based upon damage.
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| Richter Scale | scale that compares the magnitude of an earthquake recorded by seismographs.
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| secondary wave | seismic wave that moves rock particles at
right angles to the direction of the wave
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| core | solid inner most part of Earth's structure, made of solid iron-nickel
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| primary wave | seismic wave that causes rock particles to
move back and forth in the same direction that the wave
is traveling
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| seismograph | instrument used to register seismic waves
and record the time that each arrived
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