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Geo Physical Prop.

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Term
Definition
Tenacity   The resistance of a mineral to breakage. (Elastic, Flexible, Malleable, Brittle, Sectile)  
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Reaction with acid   Some minerals effervesce when in contact with acidic solutions. Calcite will readily effervesce in acid and dolomite will effervesce when powdered.  
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Odor   Some minerals have a distinctive odor when scratched such as sphalerite and sulfur (rotten eggs).  
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Hardness   The resistance of a mineral to scratching or abrasion.  
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Mohs Scale of Hardness   1. Talc 2. Gypsum 3. Calcite 4. Fluorite 5. Apatite 6. Orthoclase 7. Quartz 8. Topaz 9. Corundum 10. Diamond  
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Cleavage   The tendency of a mineral to break along specific planes of weakness. Minerals may have one, two, three, four, or more directions of cleavage. Cleavage is reported by stating the number of planes and the angle between them.  
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Crystal Form   The external shape a mineral exhibits when it forms in a fluid or cavity.  
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Diaphaneity   The ability to transmit light. Transparent, Translucent, Opaque  
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Streak   The color of a mineral when powdered. Streak is most diagnostic for metallic minerals, and for those minerals with a hardness less than 7.  
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Fracture   The description of the way a mineral tends to break. Conchoidal, Uneven, Fibrous  
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Luster   The appearance of a mineral in reflected light. Metallic, Adamantine, Waazy, Greasy, Pearly, Resinous, Dull/Earthy  
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Taste   Some minerals have a distinctive taste such as halite (salty) and some clay minerals (earthy).  
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