study guide
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on it to display the answer.
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| Describe asexual reproduction | single parent has offspring that is genetically identical
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| How does an animal bud? | parent organism pinches off and forms new organism
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| What is fragmentation in animals? | part of the organism breaks off and develops into an individual that is identical to the original
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| Describe sexual reproduction | 2 parents unite to produce offspring that have both of their traits
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| The female parent sex cell is? | egg
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| The male parent cell is? | sperm
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| Explain the difference between zygotel and embryo | zygote is when egg becomes fertilized by sperm; embryo is when zygote implants itself into uterus.
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| What is fertilization and where does it typically occur in humans | Fertilization is when the egg & sperm unite and become a new life - typically occurs in the fallopian tubes
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| Describe the differences between external and internal fertilization | external fertilization takes place outside the bodies of the parents; internal fertilization takes place inside female's body
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| Give examples of advantages of external fertilization | can produce a large amount of offspring to ensure population continues to survive; more genetic variation
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| Give examples of advantages of internal fertilization | better protects the developing baby; greater chance for successful fertilization
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| List the three types of mammal reproductive types | monotremes, marsupial, and placental mammal
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| What are monotremes? Give an example of one. | Monotremes are mammals that lay eggs. Example: duck bill platypus
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| What are marsupials? Give and example of a couple of them | Marsupials are mammals that give birth to partially developed live young, then those live young stay in the moms pouch to further develop, Examples: kangaroo, oppossum
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| What are placental mammals? Give an example of three of them. | Placental mammals have their young develop inside of them until time for birth. Examples: humans, cows, dogs
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| List three major parts of the male reproductive system | testes, epididymus, vans deferens, penis
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| Where in the male reproductive system are sperm formed? | testes
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| Where in the male reproductive system are sperm matured? | epididymus
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| How does sperm leave the testicles? | Through the vans deferens to the urethra and then out
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| List four major parts of the female reproductive system | ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina
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| Where in the female reproductive system are eggs formed and released? | ovaries
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| What is the process called when eggs are released? | ovulation
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| How does the egg reach the uterus? | It goes from the ovaries through the fallopian tubes to the uterus
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| What is the purpose of the uterus? | It is the place where an embryo forms into a baby until it is ready to be born
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| The cycle in the female that develops a new egg every 28 days | menstrual cycle
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| Explain the difference between fraternal and identical twins | fraternal - two eggs are fertilized at one time/ babies will not necessarily look like each other; identical twins - develop from a single fertilized egg/ babies will be the same sex and most likely look very much like each other
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| What are STD's? | Sexually transmitted diseases like HIV, AIDS, chlamydia, genital herpes, etc
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| Give two examples of cancer in the reproductive system of males | testicular, prostate
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| Give two examples of cancer in the reproductive systems of females | ovarian, cervical, breast
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| If a male or female can not produce offspring they are called? | sterile/ known as infertility
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| When a zygotes embeds into the uterus this is called? | implantation
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| The placenta provides what? | Oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and carries away wastes produced by the fetus
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| What attaches the placenta to the fetus? | the umbilical cord
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| Explain the differences between an embryo and a fetus | embryo - once zygote implants in uterus then it is an embryo until about week 10 then it becomes a fetus.
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| What surrounds the embryo during pregnancy that protects the embryo? | amniotic fluid
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| At what number of days, weeks and months does a pregnancy last? | 270 days, 40 weeks, 9 months
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| Describe an infant and at what age does it occur? | newborn to toddler - 0 to 2 years
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| Describe a child and at what age does it occur | toddler to puberty; 2 thru 9-16
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| Describe adolescence and what age does it occur | boys - between 11 and 16, voice changes become more muscular, grow more hair, girls - between 9 and 14, get more curvy, breasts grow, etc
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| Describe the age of adult hood | young adulthood - ages 20 thru 0 - at top physical peak; after 30 changes happen due to aging; middle age 40-65; older adult - 65 andup
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| At what age do most individuals start to reach their peak in age? | between 20 and 30
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