Mineral Desc
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| Specular Hematite | 6 hardness
Uneven Fracture
Metallic Luster
Reddish-Brown Streak
Brittle Tenacity
Opaque Diaphaneity
Oxide Composition group
*Used for Iron ore
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| Milky Quartz | 7 hardness
Uneven to conchoidal fracture
Vitreous/waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for Jewelry, Abrasives, rock former
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| Muscovite | 2-2.5 hardness
1 direction (basal) cleavage
Waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent diaphaneity
Silicates Composition group
*Used for lubricant and insulation
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| Crystal Garnet | 7 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
12 sided crystals (dodecahedral) crystal habit
Vitreous to resinous luster
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for jewelry and abrasives
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| Limonite | 1.5 hardness
Uneven fracture
Dull/earthy luster
Yellowish brown streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Oxide Composition group
*Used for Iron Ore
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| Hornblende | 5.5 hardness
2 directions @60 & 120 degree cleavage
Waxy/dull cleavage
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for rock former
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| Rose Quartz | 7 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
Vitreous/waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for Jewelry, Abrasives, rock former
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| Plagioclase | 6-6.5 hardness
2 directions @ 90 degree cleavage
Vitreous/waxy/pearly luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent/opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for rock former
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| Hematite | 1.5 hardness
Uneven fracture
Dull/earthy luster
Reddish brown streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Oxide Composition group
*Used for Iron Ore
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| Halite | 2.5 hardness
3 directions @ 90 degree cleavage
Vitreous/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Transparent/translucent diaphaneity
Halide Composition group
*Used for Salt and preservation
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| Pyrite | 6-6.5 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
Cubic crystal habit
Metallic luster
Greenish-black streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Sulfide Composition group
*Used for Sulfuric acid and batteries
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| Graphite | 1-2 hardness
Uneven fracture
Metallic/sub-metallic luster
Black/steel gray streak
Sectile tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Native element Composition group
*Used for lubricant and pencils
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| Olivine | 6.5-7 hardness
Uneven to conchoidal fracture
Vitreous luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent/opaque Diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for jewelry and rock former
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| Orthoclase | 6 hardness
2 directions @ 90 degrees cleavage
Vitreous/waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used as a rock former
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| Garnet | 7 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
Vitreous/waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent/opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for Jewelry, abrasives and rock former
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| Amethyst (Quartz) | 7 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
Vitreous/waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent/Transparent diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for Crystals, industry and rock former
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| Galena | 3.5 hardness
3 directions @ 90 (cubic) degrees cleavage
Metallic luster
Gray streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Sulfide Composition group
*Used for Lead ore
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| Sulfur | 1.5-2.5 hardness
Uneven fracture
Resinous luster
Brittle tenacity
Transparent/translucent diaphaneity
Native element Composition group
*Used for Sulfuric acid, fertilizers, gunpoweder
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| Fluorite | 4 hardness
4 direction cleavage
Vitreous/waxy/resinous lsuter
Brittle tenacity
Transparent/translucent diaphaneity
Halide Composition group
*Used for Flux in steel making, toothpaste
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| Sphalerite | 3.5-4 hardness
6 direction cleavage
Resinous luster
Light yellow streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Sulfide Composition group
*Used for zinc ore
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| Dolomite | 3.5-4 hardness
3 directions @ 75 degree cleavage
Vitreous/pearly.waxy luster
Brittle tenacity
Transparent/translucent/opaque diaphaneity
Carbonate Composition group
*Used for rock former
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| Corundum | 9 hardness
Uneven fracture
Dull luster
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Oxide Composition group
*Used for abrasive, rock former
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| Smokey quartz | 7 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
Vitreous/waxy/greasy luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent/opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for industry, abrasive, rock former
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| Copper | 2.5-3 hardness
Uneven/irregular fracture
Metallic luster
Copper-red streak
Malleable tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Native element Composition group
*Used for Wiring, metal alloys, heat exchangers
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| Quartz crystal | 7 hardness
Uneven/conchoidal fracture
6-sided crystal w/ triangular termination faces - crystal habit
Vitreous luster
Brittle tenacity
Translucent diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for jewelry, abrasives, rock former
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| Chalcopyrite | 3.5-4 hardness
Uneven or irregular fracture
Metallic luster
Greenish-black streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Sulfide Composition group
*Used for copper ore
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| Calcite | 3 hardness
3 directions @ 75 degree (rhombic) cleavage
Vitreous/waxy/dull luster
Brittle tenacity
Transparent/Translucent/Opaque diaphaneity
Carbonate Composition group
*Used as rock former
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| Magnetite | 6 hardness
Uneven fracture
Metallic luster
Black streak
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Oxide Composition group
*Used as Iron ore
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| Biotite | 2.5-3 hardness
1 direction (basal cleavage)
Resinous/sub-resinous luster
Elastic tenacity
Opaque/transparent diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used for lubricant
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| Augite | 6 hardness
2 directions @ 90 degrees cleavage
Waxy/dull luster
Brittle tenacity
opaque diaphaneity
Silicate Composition group
*Used as rock former
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| Talc | 1 hardness
Good in 1 direction (basal) cleavage
Pearly or silky cleavage
Sectile Tenacity
Translucent/opaque diaphaneity
Silciate Composition group
*Used for powder
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| Apatite | 5 hardness
Uneven or irregular fracture
Viretous/Sub-resinous/dull luster
Brittle tenacity
Opaque diaphaneity
Phosphate Composition group
*Used as fertilizer
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| Gypsum | 2 hardness
Good in 1, poor in 2 cleavage
Vitreous, pearly or silky luster
Flexible tenacity
Transparent/opaque diaphaneity
Sulfate Composition group
*Used as Soil conditioner, sheetrock, plaster of paris
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