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Chapter 8 CC 2 A Beka Book

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Term
Definition
Cloud   If droplet or ice crystals are present in large enough numbers that they are visible as a whole, they are called this  
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Most clouds result from ___ ___ of ___ ___.   adiabatic cooling, moist air  
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Meteorologists classify clouds into ten basic categories bases on ___ and ___.   shape, height  
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Name the three high-level clouds.   Cirrus, circumulus, and cirrostratus  
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Name the three mid-level clouds.   Altocumulus, altostratus, and nimbostratus  
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Name the four low-level clouds.   Cumulonimbus, stratocumulus, cumulus, and stratus  
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Low-altitude clouds   Typically made of liquid water droplets or even super-cooled droplets, with the exception of thunderstorms and winter snowstorms  
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Cumulus ["a heap"]   White, billowy clouds that resemble cotton puffs with flat bases  
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Cummulonimbus (or thunderstorm cloud)   A grow up cumulus cloud that produces rains, winds, lightning, etc.  
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Stratus Clouds "to extend" "to stretch"   These clouds often form a flat, gray layer of heavy clouds not far above the ground  
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Stratocumulus "extended heaps"   The most frequent clouds, form a low, heavy layer of puffy gray clouds  
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Low altitude clouds extend from the ground to ___ ft.   6500  
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Mid-range clouds have bases between 6500 ft. and ___ ft.   23,000  
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High-level clouds have their bases at the___ ___ ___ ___.   top of the troposphere  
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Nimbostratus [extended cloud]   Look like stratus cloud but are much thicker blocking out any view of the sun or moon (sometimes classified as low level clouds)  
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Altocumulus "high heap"   Look like cumulus or stratocumulus clouds but appear smaller from the ground and have their bases at higher altitudes  
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Altostratus "high and extended"   Flat, sheetlike clouds that look similar to stratus clouds except they are a lighter color  
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Cirrus ["curl of hair"]   Most common type of high-level cloud made of ice crystals  
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"mares' tails"   What sailor's used to call cirrus clouds  
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Cirrocumulus "heaps of curls"   Least common type of high-level cloud that looks like tiny puffs of cotton in the upper troposphere  
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Cirrostratus "extended curls"   Thin, translucent clouds that spread like a sheet, similar to altostratus clouds  
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Lenticular "lens shaped"   Can be cirocumulus, altocumulus, or cumulus clouds often form above or around mountains  
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Contrails (short for condensation trails) or vapor clouds   Form when water vapor from an airplane's jet exhaust quickly condenses and freezes into crystals  
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Fog   Occurs when water vapor condenses in the layer of air near the ground (basically a stratus cloud on the surface of the earth)  
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Technically, a ground-level cloud is only fog if the visibility is less than ___ ___, otherwise it is ___.   one kilometer, mist  
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Radiation fog   Formed when the ground quickly radiates heat back into space and a thick layer of air near the ground cools below the dew point  
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____ ___ is radiation fog that extends no more than 6 ft. above the ground.   shallow fog  
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___ ___ is a radiation fog found in valleys.   valley fog  
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Advection fog   Forms when a warm, humid breeze blow over a cold surface  
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When an advection fog forms over cold ocean water it is a(n) ___ ___.   sea fog  
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Upslope fog   Often found along the slopes of mountains and can cover a large area for several days  
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Often, fog forms over lakes or rivers during the fall, when the water is still warm but the surrounding air is cool; this is ___ ___.   steam fog  
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Sometimes warm rain falling into cool air evaporates to produce ___ ___.   frontal fog  
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Freezing fog   If fog develops in air that is below freezing, the water droplets will become supercooled, resulting in this type of fog  
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Smog   A mixture of smoke and fog  
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Photochemical smog   A smog that is a thick, brownish haze that results from complex molecules released into the air by things like cars  
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