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English Caribbean Vocab

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SKA   Jamaican popular music that emerged in early 1960’s much influenced by American rhythm and blues.  
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Rock Steady   Jamaican popular music style that supplanted ska and was dominant around 1966-1968.  
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Riddim   Jamaican term used to refer to underlying recorded rhythm tracks often recycled to create new songs or to back deejay lyrics - a bass melody and the basic accompanying drum pattern.  
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Rhumba Box   Jamaican bass instrument that is very much like the Cuban marimbula  
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Repeater   The highest pitched of the Rastafarian drums used in traditional nyabinghi music, which plays the more complex rhythm patterns.  
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Reggae   Jamaican popular music that developed around 1968 and remained the dominant form until the 1980’s; nowadays, the term is used to refer to all styles of Jamaican popular music since the 1960’s  
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Rastafarianism   A politico-religious movement that developed in Jamaica in the 1930’s and has since grown to become a world religion; the divinity of Haile Selassie of Ethopia and repatriation of the faithful to Africa are proclaimed.  
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Pokomania   A blanket term for the Afro-Protest and religions that developed in Jamaica during the nineteenth century, as well as the music associated with them - sometimes used to refer to revival  
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Parang   A Trinidadian Christmas-season song and dance genre, of Venezuelan derivation.  
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Nyabinghi   A traditional, drum-based Rastafarian musical style. The term is also used for formal Rastafarian gatherings and ceremonies.  
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Moko Jumbie   A stilted, costumed, stock character in trinidad carnival.  
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Mento   Jamaican creole folk-song genre played on a variety of instruments, most typically featuring guitar and or banjo, fife or fiddle, and rhumba box.  
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Kumina   An African-derived religion in eastern Jamaica and also the name of a new, secular, urban style of drumming that developed in Kingston and contributed to the development of nyabinghi drumming.  
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Kromanti Play   Traditional religion of the Maroons living in the Blue Mountains of eastern Jamaica.  
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Jab-Jab   A ghoulishly costumed stock character in Trinidad Carnival  
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Dub Poetry   A Jamaican genre that arose during the 1970’s performed with styles of Jamaican music using Jamaican creole language and uncompromising political lyrics.  
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Dub   A substyle of reggae that arose during the 1970’s, characterized by special studio effects such as fades, echo, reverb, and shifting of recorded tracks.  
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Deejay Music   music whose lyrics foreground the nitty-gritty perversities of street level rality: violence, struggles for survival, joys of dancing and sex  
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Dancehall   A style of Jamaican popular music that arose out of reggae in the 1980’s and currently remains the dominant popular style. Characterized by less-complex rhythms and scaled down instrumentation taking a back seat to sometimes DJ like vocals.  
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Chutney   A light, fast Indo-Caribbean song and dance in modernized Indian folk style that holds much in common with Soca.  
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Camboulay   A nineteenth-century Afro-Trinidadian festival with drumming and dancing.  
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Crop Over   Carnivbal in Barbados  
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Soca   Modern Calypso dance Music  
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Calypso   Music where lyrics are most important and include ‘double entendre'  
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