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Ch. 11 vocabulary flashcards

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Term
Definition
Sphere   A round, three dimensional object whose surface is the same distance from the center at all points ; Earth is a sphere that bulges somewhat at the equator and is slightly flattened at the poles  
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Axis   Imaginary line that cuts through the center of Earth and around which Earth spins  
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Rotation   Spinning of Earth on its imaginary axis, which takes about 24 hours to complete and causes day and night to occur  
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Revolution   Earth's yearlong elliptical orbit around the sun  
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Ellipse   Elongated, closed curve that describes Earth's yearlong orbit orbit around the sun  
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Solstice   twice yearly point at which the sun reaches its greatest distance north or south of the equator  
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Equinox   Twice yearly time-each spring and fall when the sun is directly over the equator and the number of daytime light and nighttime hours are equal worldwide  
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Moon Phase   Change in appearance of the moon as viewed from the Earth due to the relative positions of the moon, Earth and Sun  
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New Moon   Moon phase that occurs when the moon is between the Earth and the sun, at which point the moon cannot be seen because its lighted half is facing the sun and its dark side faces Earth.  
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Waxing   describes phases following a new moon, as more of the moons lighted side becomes visible  
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Full Moon   Phase that occurs when all of the moon's surface facing Earth reflects light  
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Waning   Describes phases that occur after a full moon, as the visible lighted side of the moon grows smaller  
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Solar Eclipse   Occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth  
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Lunar Eclipse   Occurs when Earth's shadow falls on the moon.  
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Maria   Dark-Colored, relatively flat regions of the Moon formed when ancient lava reached the surface and filled craters on the Moon's Surface  
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Impact Basin   a hollow left on the surface of the moon caused by an object striking its surface  
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