ocean currents
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| the surface currents in each ocean form circular systems of currents | gyre
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| a large volume of water flowing in a certain direction can affect weather and climate | ocean current
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| some currents move along the water's surface, and others are examples of vertical movement of water toward the ocean's surface | upwelling
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| because of the movement of water to the right or left that is caused by Earth's rotation, ocean currents flow counterclockwise in the southern hemisphere and clockwise in the northern hemisphere | Coriolis effect
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| Surface currents are caused by _______ from the wind. | friction
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| Surface currents move water __________ and extend to about 400 m below the surface. | horizontally
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| A _____ is a circular system of currents. | gyre
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| The vertical movement of water toward the ocean's surface is ________. | upwelling
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| The vertical movement of water from the surface to deeper parts of the ocean is a _______ current. | density
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| Density currents are caused by density changes, which are brought on by changes in temperature or ________. | salinity
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| The oceans are a major part of the ______. | water cycle
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| The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt is a model used to explain how ocean currents circulate ______________ around Earth. | thermal energy
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| Ocean currents affect weather and _______. | climate
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| What creates ocean currents? | -wind
-friction
-salinity
-density
-Coriolis effect
-temperature
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| Where do upwellings occur? | the Indian and Pacific Oceans
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| What is a circular system of currents? | gyre
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| What forms gyres in each ocean? | the different directions of currents caused by the Coriolis effect
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| What affects the size of a gyre? | -the Coriolis effect
-topography/ landforms
-wind
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| What direction do gyres circle in the northern hemisphere? | clockwise
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| Gyres in the southern hemisphere circle _______. | counterclockwise
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| the movement of wind and water to the right or left that is caused by Earth's rotation | the Coriolis effect
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| True or False: An upwelling is caused as the surface water moves away from shore and deeper water from below rises to replace it. | True
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| True or False: Cold water is less dense than warm water. | False
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| True or False: Salty water sinks below water that is less salty. | True
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| Which two things do ocean currents transfer that affect weather? | thermal energy and water
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| What does the Great Oceanic Conveyor Belt describe? | how the ocean currents circulate thermal energy
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