meds associated with psychology nursing
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| describe a potentially life-threatening situation that could occur in the client who abruptly withdraws from CNS stimulants | depression and suicidal ideation
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| what is the classification of medication that is commonly prescribed for drug-induced extrapyramidal reactionsgive two examples | antiparkinsonian agents:benzotropine (cogentin)trihexyphenidyl (artane)
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| describe symptoms of extrapyramidal s/e associated with antipsychotic therapy | pseudoparkinsonism tremor/shuffle gait drool rigidity akinesia muscle weak akathisia restlessness/fidgeting oculogyric crisis eyes roll back tardive dyskinesia sometimes an extrapyramidal symptom weird face and tongue mvmt stiff neck diff swallowing
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| what is the most commonly used group of anxiolytics give 2 examples | benzodiazepines: Librium and Valium
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| what is the moa for anxiolytics with exception of buspirone? | cns depression
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| describe some nsg implications for the client on lithium therapy | give with food, ensure client gets adequate Na in diet, 2500> cc/day fluid, check level before giving, monitor i/o, diet to prevent weight gain
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| there is a narrow margin between the therapeutic and toxic lvls of lithium carbonate. What is the therapeutic range and list the initial s/s of toxicity | 0.6 - 1.5 mEq/L: blurred vision, ataxia, tinnitus, persistent N/V, severe diarrhea
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| lithium carbonate is often the drug of choice for _______. Many times when these individuals are started on lithium therapy. the physician also orders an antipsychoitic meds. why might he/she do so? | mania; lithium has a lag time of 1-3 weeks. Antipsychotics are prescribed to decrease the hyperactivity on an immediate basis until the lithium can take effect
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| _______is the most potentially life-threatening adverse s/e of MAOIs | hypertensive crisis
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| symptoms for which the nurse and client must be on the alert for MAOI adverse s/e include: | severe occipital HA, palpitations, N/V, nuchal rigidity, fever, sweating, marked increase in BP, chest pain, coma
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| what must be done to prevent symptoms of hypertensive crisis associated with MAOI adverse effect? with examples | avoid foods high in tyramine. cheese, pickles, herring, preserved meats, beer, wine, chocolate, sour cream, yogurt, OTC cold meds, and diet pills
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| what is the MOA by which antidepressant meds achieve the desired effect (regardless of the different physiological processes by which this action is accomplished) | INCREASED levels of norepinephrine and serotonin
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| for what must the nurse be on the alert with the client who is receiving antidepressant medications | sudden lifts in mood (may indicate suicidal intention)
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| as the nurse, when would you expect the client to begin showing signs of symptomatic relief after the initiation of antidepressant therapy | dependent on the medication: 1-4 weeks
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| name 1 example of a tricyclic antidepressant | Elavil
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| name 1 example of a MAOI | Nardil
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| name 1 example of a SSRI | Prozac
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| common s/e and nsg implications for tricyclic antidepressants | dry mouth; sugarless candy, ice, frequent water sipsconstipation; lots of fluids, foods high in fibersedation; request order for HS doseorthostatic hypotension; rise slowly for sitting lying positions, VSlowers seizure threshold; monitor for s/s
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| neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare, but potentially fatal s/e of antipsychotic drugs. List symptoms for which the nurse must be alert for when assessing NMS. | severe muscle rigidity, fever (107) tachycardia, tachypnea, fluctuating BP, diaphoresis, rapid deterioration of mental status to stupor or coma
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| agranulocytosis is a potentially very serious s/e of antipsychotic therapy. the nurse and client should be on alert for symptoms of _______, _______, and ________ | sore throat, fever, and malaise
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| describe potential adverse hormonal effects a/w antipsychotic therapy | decreased libido, retrograde ejaculation, gynecomastia, amenorrhea, weight gain
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| phenothiazines are commonly used antipsychotic group give two examples and two other examples of the newer "atypical" antipsychotics | Thorazine and ProlixinRisperdal and Zyprexa
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| what is thought to be the MOA that produces the desired effects with antipsychotic meds? | decreased levels or activity or dopamine
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| what must the client on LT anxiolytic therapy be instructed to prevent a potentially life-threatening situation | DO NOT STOP TAKING DRUGS ABRUPTLY
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| What are the most common s/e of anxiolytics | drowsiness, sedation, confusion, and orthostatic hypotension
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