APB C23 Populations
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| a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring | population
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| The state of a population in which frequencies of alleles and genotypes remain constant from generation to generation | Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
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| The aggregate of all copies of every type of allele at all loci in every individual in a population. | gene pool
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| Evolution that results in a better match between organisms and their environment | adaptive evolution
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| A process in which chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next | genetic drift
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| Form of genetic drift where a few individuals become isolated from a larger population & form a new population whose gene pool composition differs from the original population | founder effect
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| Form of genetic drift where the size of population is reduce by a natural disaster or human actions | bottleneck effect
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| The transfer of alleles from one population to another, resulting from the movement of fertile individuals or their gametes | gene flow
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| Individuals at one end of the phenotypic range survive or reproduce more successfully than do other individuals | directional selection
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| Individuals on both extremes of a phenotypic range survive or reproduce more successfully than individuals with intermediate phenotypes | disruptive selection
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| Intermediate phenotypes survive or reproduce more successfully than do extreme phenotypes | stabilizing selection
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| Individuals with certain inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates | sexual selection
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| Differences between the secondary sex characteristics of males & females of the same species. | sexual dimorphism
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| Direct competition among individuals of one sex for mates of the opposite sex | intrasexual selection
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| Individuals of one sex (usually females) are choosy in selecting their mates from the other sex | Intersexual selection
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| Greater reproductive success of heterozygous individuals compared to homozygotes | heterozygote advantage
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| frequency dependent
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