Vocab for Unit 4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Dike | An earthen bank used to direct or prevent the passage of water.
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| Loess | Wind-blown silt and clay sediment that produces very fertile soil.
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| Mistral | A cold, dry wind from the north
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| Ethnic Cleansing | The policy of trying to eliminate an ethnic group
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| Feudalism | A political system in Europe which a king allows nobles to use his land in exchange for military services and protection. 9th-15th century
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| Enlightenment | a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition.
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| Cold War | The conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War 2, Called "cold" because it never escalated into open warfare.
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| Romanticism | a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual.
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| Heavy Industry | Heavy industry is industry that involves one or more characteristics such as large and heavy products
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| State Farm | farm, or a number of farms organized as a unit, worked by a community under the supervision of the state.
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| Acid Deposition | sulfur and nitrogen compounds and other substances are transformed by chemical processes in the atmosphere
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| Polder | Land that is reclaimed from the sea or other body of water by diking and drainage.
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| Timberline | (on a mountain) the line or altitude above which no trees grow.
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| Sirocco | A hot, steady south wind that blows from N. Africa Across the Mediterranean Sea into southern Europe, mostly in spring.
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| Refugee | a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
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| Crusaders | A series of wars launched by European Christians in 1096 to capture the Holy Land from Muslims
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| Industrial Capitalism | An economic and political system characterized by a free market for goods and services and private control of production and consumption.
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| European Union | Based on the Maastricht Treaty, it envisions the eventual establishment of common economic, foreign, security, and justice policies.
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| Impressionist | an entertainer who impersonates famous people.
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| Light Industry | the manufacture of small or light articles.
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| Organic Farming | form of agriculture that relies on techniques such as crop rotation, green manure, compost, and biological pest control.
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| Environmentalist | a person who is concerned with or advocates the protection of the environment.
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| Glaciation | The changing of landforms by slowly moving glaciers.
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| Foehn | a hot southerly wind on the northern slopes of the Alps.
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| Chapparral | vegetation consisting chiefly of tangled shrubs and thorny bushes.
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| City-state | an autonomous political unit made up of a city and its surrounding lands.
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| Renaissance | A time of renewed interest in learning and the arts that lasted from 14th-16th century.
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| Reparations | the making of amends for a wrong one has done, by paying money to or otherwise helping those who have been wronged.
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| Language Family | group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor
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| Welfare State | a system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens
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| Mixed Farming | an agricultural system in which a farmer conducts different agricultural practice together
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| Dry Farming | a method of farming in semiarid areas without the aid of irrigation, using drought-resistant crops and conserving moisture.
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| Biologist | a scientist who focuses on living organisms, including plants and animals.
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| Fjord | A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between steep slopes
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| Avalanche | a mass of snow, ice, and rocks falling rapidly down a mountainside.
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| Permafrost | permanently frozen ground
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| Middle Ages | the period of European history from the fall of the Roman Empire in the West
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| Reformation | A movement in Western Europe beginning in 1517, when many christians broke away from the Catholic Church and stated protestant churches.
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| Holocaust | The NAZI program of mass murder of european JewS during World War II
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| Good Friday Peace Agreement | a major political development in the Northern Ireland peace process of the 1990s.
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| Maastricht Treaty | A treaty that is responsible for the creation of the European Union
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| Farm Cooperative | a cooperative where farmers pool their resources in certain areas of activity.
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| Meltwater | water formed by the melting of snow and ice, especially from a glacier.
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| Genetically Modified Food | organisms n which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination.
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