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Cell Organelles

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Term
Definition
cell membrane   surrounds all cells, acts as a barrier between the inside of the cell and its environment. Regulates what gets inside and out of the cell  
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cell wall   rigid structure surrounding the cell membrane in PLANTS; provides support and protection  
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nucleus   control center of eukaryotic cells; stores the DNA  
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chloroplast   organelle where photosynthesis happens in plants; contains the green pigment called chlorophyll  
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mitochondrion (plural is mitochondria)   organelle where cellular respiration happens in ALL cells; the powerhouse  
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cytoplasm   region between the cell membrane and nucleus; it includes the fluid (jelly) and all the organelles  
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vacuole   stores nutrients, water, and wastes. Very large in plant cells.  
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1st part of cell theory   All organisms are made up of 1 or more cells  
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2nd part of cell theory   Cells are the basic units of all organisms  
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3rd part of cell theory   All cells come from pre-existing cells  
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What is the difference between a plant and an animal cell's vacuole?   Animal cells have many small vacuoles and plant cells have 1 large central vacuole  
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How can you tell the difference between a mitochondrion and a chloroplast in a diagram?   A mitochondrion has folds (wavy lines) inside and a chloroplast has stacks inside  
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Prokaryote   Unicellular organism with no nucleus and the DNA floats around the cytoplasm  
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Eukaryote   More complex organisms with more organelles including a nucleus  
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True/False- You should determine if a cell is plant or animal by its shape and color.   False  
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How should you determine if a cell is a plant or animal cell?   If it has chloroplasts, cell wall, or a large central vacuole, it is a plant cell  
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Chlorophyll   Green fluid inside the chloroplasts that trap sunlight for photosynthesis  
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True/False- Muscle cells will have more mitochondria.   True because muscle cells require a lot of energy  
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Created by: mvanderb
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