Pain Management
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| Pain involves both_______ and _______ components? | physical, psychological
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| 5th vital sign? | Pain
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| Recent-onset pain with generalized hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system | Acute Pain
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| Usually has an identifiable, precipitating cause? | Acute Pain
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| Pain that persists for at least three months beyond the usual course of an acute illness or injury? | Chronic Pain
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| Types of pain receptors? | mechanical, thermal, chemical
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| Electrophysiologic events at level of neuron for sensation and differentiation of various types of pain? | Nociception
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| Noxious stimuli translated into electrical activity at nerve endings? | Transduction
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| Nociceptive impulses carried to CNS? | Transmission
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| Small, myelinated and rapid transmission? | A-Delta Fibers
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| Good localization in conjunction with tactile receptors? | A-Delta Fibers
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| Very small, nonmyelinated and slower transmission? | C Fibers
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| Poor localization, associated with chronic and neuropathic pain? | C Fibers
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| Include some nociceptors: fast pain (sharp), thermoreceptors (cold) and mechanoreceptors (some touch)? | A-Delta Fibers
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| Include most nociceptors: slow pain (dull, ache) thermoreceptors (heat), itch receptors? | C Fibers
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| Patients with chronic pain often have low levels of? | Serotonin
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| Affects more than 1/3 of the US population? | Chronic Pain
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| Most common syndrome of Chronic WIdespread Pain (CWP)? | Fibromyalgia
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| Highest risk of fibromyalgia? | Females, 60-79 y/o
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| Chronic Pain Malignancy includes...? | Cancer, AIDS, ALS, MS, Sickle-cell, End-stage organ failure
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| Chronic Pain Non-malignancy includes...? | Osteoarthritis, "back" pain, Neuropathic pain, Fibromyalgia, Sympathetic reflex dystrophy, post-op post-traumatic pain
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| Painful response to a stimulus usually not painful? | Allodynia
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| Increased pain from a painful stimulus? | Hyperalgesia
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| Disturbance in way that CNS handles, transmits, and processes pain? | Central Sensitization
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| Signs and symptoms of chronic pain? | Disturbed sleep, poor appetite/nutrition, medication dependence
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| Four A's of pain treatment outcomes...? | Analgesia, ADL's, Adverse effects, Aberrant drug-taking behavior
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| Well localized, aching, throbbing, sharp, or pressure like pain is most likely? | Somatic nociceptive pain
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| Diffuse, squeezing, cramping, or gnawing is usually? | Visceral Nociceptive
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| Burning, tinging, shooting or shock like is? | Neuropathic pain
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| WHO Analgesic Ladder is? | Three step ladder
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| Step One of WHO Analgesic Ladder? | use of nonopioid analgesics (1-3)
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| Step Two of WHO Analgesic Ladder? | low dose opioid (4-6)
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| Step Three of WHO Analgesic Ladder? | Opioids for severe pain, high doses (7-10)
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Created by:
txst spr 2009
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