* Discovery Works Ch 1
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| energy | is the ability to do work or cause change in matter
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| visible light | a E-M radiation that you can see
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| electro magnetic radiation | the energy given off by the sun
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| wave | a disturbance that carries energy and that travels away from its starting point.
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| vacuum | a space that is empty of any matter
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| wave length | the distance from one crest to the next crest
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| frequency | the number of waves produced
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| hertz | the unit frequency is measured
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| reflection | the bouncing back off light or water
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| plane mirror | is a flat mirror
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| concave mirror | curves inward at the middle.
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| convex mirror | curves outward in the middle
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| refraction | the bending of light as it passes from one material into another
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| lense | transparent object with at least one carved edge
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| convex lens | A lense that is thicker at the middle than at the edges and that brings light rays together. A convex lens is used to correct farsightedness.
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| concave lens | A lens that isthicker at the edges than it is in the middle and that causes light rays to spread apart. A concave lense is used to correct nearsightedness.
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| focal point | the point at which light rays passing through a lense come together. Rays of light meet at the focal point.
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| retina | light sensitive layer at back of eye on which an image is formed. The retina contains two kinds of cells.
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| contact lenses | clear, thin lenses that are placed on the eye in front of the cornea, doesn't touch eye
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| refracting telescope | an instrument for viewing distant objects that uses two lenses to gather light and produce an image
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| reflecting telescope | an instrument for viewing distant objects that uses a curved mirror at the back of its tube to ather light and produce an image
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| where is a concave mirror used? | in a reflecting telescope
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| what is the use of a concave lens? | used to correct nearsightedness
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| what is the use of a convex lens? | used to correct farsightedness
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| give an example of convex mirror | the sideview mirror of a car is a convex mirror
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| Where do rays of light meet? | They meet at the focal point.
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| How many types of cells does the retina contain? | The retina contains to types of cells.
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| refracting telescope | an instrument for viewing distant objects that uses two lenses to gather light and produce an image. The refracting telescope gave us a closer look at the Moon.
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| What telescope helped us to get a closer look at the moon? | the refracting telescope
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| reflection | the bouncing of light or sound off a surface. The reflection of sunlight off the snow made us squint.
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| reflecting telescope | an instrument for viewing distant obects that uses a curved mirror at the back of its tube to gather light and product an image. An observatory uses a reflecting telescope to observe faraway galaxies
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| transparent | letting light through; objects can be clearly seen throught transparent material. Window glass is usually transparent so that people can see through it.
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| translucent | letting light through but scattering it; objects cannot be clearly seen through translucent material. The translucent glass dimmed the room.
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| simple microscope | a microscope that uses a single lens to magnify objects. A magnifying glass is a simple microscope.
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| opaque | not letting light through. The opaque curtains kept out the sunlight
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| lens | a pice of glass or other trasparent material with at least one curved surface that brings together or spreads apart light rays passing through it. The lens in a camera focuses an image on the film.
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| electromagnetic microscope | a viewing instrument that magnifies obects thousands of times by using a beam of electrons instead of a beam of light. Doctors studied the virus through an electron microscope.
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| filter | a device that lets certain colors of light pass through while absorbing others. The stage manager placed a red filter over the spotlight.
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| compression | a region in a sound wave where particles have been pushed together. The compressions produced by a vibrating runing fork are areas of greater than normal air pressure
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| crest | the hightest point of a wave. The tope of a water wave is its crest.
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| amplitude | a measure of the amount of energy in a sound wave. The amplitude of a loud sound is greater that the amplitude of a soft sound.
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| frequency | the number of waves (such as light or sound) produced in a unit of time, such as a second. The frequency of light waves varies with the color of the light.
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| hertz | a unit used to measure wave frequency. If 100 waves are produced per second, the frequency of the wave is 100 hertz.
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| intensity | a measure of the amount of energy of sound. A sound that has high intensity is loud enough to be heard from a distance.
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| decibel | a unit used to measure the loudness or intensity of sound. Sounds that have an intensity greater than 120 decibels (db) can hurt your ears.
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| overtone | a fainter, higher tone that harmonizes with the main tone produced by a musical instrument or the human voice. The blending of overtones gives the flute its unique sound.
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| pitch | the highness or lowness of a sound. A tuba produces sounds with a low pitch.
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| octave | the series of eight notes that makes up a musical scale.
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| noise pollution | the occurrence of loud or unpleasant sound in the environment. For example, the sounds of city traffic.
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| rarefaction | a region in a sound wave where there are fewer particles than normal. The rarefactions that a vibrating violin string produces are areas of lower than normal air pressure.
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| sound | a form of energy that travels through matter as waves. The sound made the floor vibrate.
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| sound synthesizer | an electronic device that can produce a wide variety of sounds. The composer used a sound synthesizer to create new musical composition.
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| trough | the long narrow hollow between two waves. A trough occurs between two wave crests.
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| When does a trough occur? | A trough occurs between two wave crests.
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| timbre | the quality of sound that sets one voice or musical instrument apart from another. The same note played on a violin and on a trumpet differ in timbre.
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| wavelength | the distance between one crest of a wave and the next crest. Red light has a longer wavelength than blue light.
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| volume | the loudness or softness of a sound.
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| vibration | a back-and-forth movement of matter. It is the vibration of the guitar strings that produces sound.
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