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Med Surg II

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Question
Answer
show Most accurate test for asthma; evaluates lung mechanisms, gas exchange, acid-base, lung volumes, ABGs  
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show 7.35-7.45  
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CO2   show
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show 22-27  
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show 80-100mm Hg  
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show Comprised oxygen to tissues  
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<70%   show
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Incentive Spirometer   show
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show Greater responsiveness to environmental irritants; risk for a more rapid decline in lung function  
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show 3-5% lower saturation  
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Pulmonary Pain   show
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show Conscious sedation; CBC/platelet before, NPO 4-8h prior; benzocaine numb pharynx; lidocaine preferred  
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Benzocaine   show
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show 60-100%; most oxygen. Valves open expiration and close on inspiration  
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show Nasal V Simple Non-Rebreather  
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Droplet Precautions   show
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show lack of oxygen to tissues  
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show decreased arterial oxygen (O2 <50)  
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show Decreased cardiac output, arterial supply, anemia, carbon monoxide poisoning  
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Kidney, Brain, Heart   show
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Hypoxia symptoms   show
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Pediatric Hypoxia Symptoms   show
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Chronic Hypoxia   show
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Obstructive Sleep Apnea   show
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OSA Risk Factors   show
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OSA S   show
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OSA Complications   show
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Epistaxis Tx   show
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Epistaxis Education   show
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Pneumonia   show
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show if organisms of pneumonia move into blood stream  
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Empyema   show
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show Early (dyspnea, cough, sputum) Late (TachyHR/R, decreased O sat, pleural pain, central cyanosis)  
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show Reposition, encourage deep breathing, coughing, incentive spirometer, monitor for resp. acidosis, and chest physiotherapy  
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show In morning (1h AC 2-3 PC) Stop if in pain, bronchodilators q15min before, percuss 1-2 minute and vibrate  
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show Increased Na/BUN/Creatinine (r/t dehydration), Crackles, wheezing (narrowed airways), rhonchi (secretions in large airways), fremitis increased, percussion dull, chest expansion diminished, o.hypo, dysrhythmias (r/t hypoxia)  
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show Timely antibiotics w/n 4h ABGs w/n 24h-blood cultures prior to antibiotic; smoking risk factor, flu vaccine (oct-jan)  
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show R/t hydrostatic pressure; pleural fluid has large protein amounts and results in fluid shift out of capillaries  
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Asthma   show
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Asthma Irritants   show
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Asthma Risk Factors   show
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Asthma S   show
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show FVC, FEV1 (1st second), PEFR (peak expiratory flow rate)  
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Asthma Bronchodilators   show
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show Life threatening; intensifies and doesn't respond to common therapy, may develop pneumothorax/cardiac arrest/resp arrest  
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show years x #/day  
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show Emphysema & Chronic bronchitis; c/b bronchospasm and dyspnea; not reversible  
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Emphysema   show
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show Airway problem; exposure to irritants (especially smoking); produces thick mucus  
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COPD Risk Factors   show
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show Helps regulate proteases; recessive; proteins degrade proteases to destroy/eliminate particulates and organisms inhaled during breathing; when present in large amounts damage small airways by breaking down elastin  
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show Beta agents, cholinergic antagonists, methylxanthines, steroids, NSAIDS, mucolytics  
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Pleural Effusion   show
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Pneumonia   show
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show Abnormal dilation a/w necrotic infection and occurs usually as complication of recurrent resp infections, cystic fibrosis, etc  
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show Cough with foul sputum, coughs with change in position, affects ability to hold job, fetid breath, clubbing, weight loss  
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show Drain cavities (can't heal them), elevated food, 3-4L/day, avoid URI, high calorie/protein, antibiotics  
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Lung Biopsy   show
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show operative side  
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Lobectomy   show
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Segmental Resection   show
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Pneumonectomy   show
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Air   show
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Liquid   show
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show 70-100 mL/h < or bright red drainage, tracheal deviation, dyspnea suddenly, o sat <90%, drainage stops  
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Suction Chamber   show
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show NSAIDS, Opiods, PVCs, Afib/flutter (regular pattern)  
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show 2cm, one-way valve, moves with breathing (up-inhalation), bubbles indicate leak  
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show if tubing enters fluid drainage stops and can lead to this  
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CT disconnects from drainage system   show
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show Cover with Vaseline or dry gauze - watch for pneumothorax  
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show Disconnect suction and send drainage system with pt below chest level - don't clamp  
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No tidaling in water seal chamber   show
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Drainage stopped collecting   show
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show clamp near insertion site and move down tube until leak found  
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Clamp CT   show
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show Open (atm air enters into pleural cavity) closed (air enters pleural space from w/n lung), tension (pulseless electrical activity)  
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show Sudden sharp pain, SOB, decreased breath sounds one side, decreased chest movement, subcutaneous emphysema, cyanosis, trachea deviated to unaffected side  
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show isonatremic; ringers and NS  
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Hypotonic dehydration   show
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Hypertonic dehydration   show
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show liquid that can hold another substance  
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Solute   show
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Hourly UO   show
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show 135-145  
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show 3.5-5  
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Ca   show
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show Pedialyte, rehydralyte, ceral-based, infalyte, home made  
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Inappropriate Rehydration   show
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Gastroenteritis   show
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show Causes watery diarrhea (18-36h after eating), prevent dehydration, spread by contaminated hnds  
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show Correct f&e imbalances - avoid antidiarrheals  
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show Children with dev. delay don't perceive thirst, [high sugar], inadequate breast milk, DI; decreased LOC  
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HypoNa   show
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show Kidney probs, K in IV, blood transfusion, false + heel stick; muscle weakness  
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HypoK   show
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Pediatric Respiratory   show
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Pediatric URI   show
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show rickets or marfans  
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show Turner's syndrome  
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show 30-60  
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1-3 year resp rate   show
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6-10 year resp rate   show
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apnea   show
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show 30-50% O, loss greater at bottom  
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show 40% O, used with smaller infants, must be able to breath on own  
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show Mutation on chromosome 7; reduced ability to regular Cl channels to transport NaCl; increased viscosity of mucous and abnormal mucociliary action  
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show Excrete undigested food; bulky stool (foul,frothy fatty - steatorhea), pancreatitis, diabetes, vitamin def A D E K, anemia, rectal prolapse  
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show Meconium ileus  
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CF Diagnosis   show
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show CPT, flutter device, chest wall oscillation, + expiratory P, ibuprofen qd, higher dose antibiotics, high cal high protein diet  
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Lactulose   show
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Asthma S   show
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Peak Flow Meter   show
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show Assess, O, Quick relief meds, IV, radiograph prep, abg blood sample  
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Rescue Medications   show
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show Beta agonist, methylxanthines, mast cell inhibitors, corticosteroids, leukotriene modifers, NSAIDS  
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Exercise induced Asthma   show
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show Worse at night, viral, winter months; mucosa swelling, secretions, and muscle spasms  
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Croup Tx   show
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show Medical emergency r/t H.influenzae, ages 2-8; abrupt onset  
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show Drooling, dysphonia, dysphagia, difficulty breathing; restless and frog like croak on inspiration  
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Croup S   show
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show R/t staph or group A strep; common in children immunized against H. influenza, drooling rare; child on back, not improved with nebulized epi, antibiotics  
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show Most common cause of bronchiolitis; r/t parainfluenza; classic sign of wheezing and secretions; transmission hands and droplets  
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RSV under 2 S   show
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RSV older children   show
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RSV tx   show
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AOM   show
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OME (Effusion)   show
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show Inflammation of middle ear longer than 3mo; found via exam on asymptomatic child  
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Pediatric Eustachian Tubes   show
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Nonverbal expressions OM   show
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show 1st - Amoxil 2nd - Augmentin  
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OM Prevention   show
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Tonsillitis   show
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Tonsillitis Tx   show
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show Don't blow nose or cough, no straws, cool non-carb non-acid beverages, soft food 3 weeks, lots of fluid, limited activity  
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Tonsillectomy Recovery   show
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show Trachea midline, decreased expansion and breath sounds, normal or hyperresonant percussion  
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Tension Pneumothorax   show
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