6th grade energy words chptr 6 sections 1,2,3,4
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Temperture | Is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual particulars in an object.
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| Three common scales for measuring temperature | Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales.
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| Fahrenheit scale | Is the most common scale used in the United States. (F)
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| On fahrenheit scale water freezes at | 32 F
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| On fahrenheit scale water boils at | 212 F
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| On fahrenheit scale absolute 0 is | -460 F
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| On celsius scale water freezes at | 0 C
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| Celsius scale | Is used in most of the world. (C)
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| On celsius scale water boils at | 100 C
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| On celsius scale absolute 0 is | -273 C
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| Kelvin scale | Is a scale most commonly used in physical science (K)
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| Any temperature on the Kelvin scale can be changed to Celsius by adding | 273
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| The freezing point of water on the kelvin scale is | 273 K
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| The boiling point of water on the kelvin scale is | 373 K
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| What do scientists believe about the number 273 on the celsius scale | Scientists believe that -273 C is the lowest temperature possible.
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| What is absolute 0 | The temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter. - It is the lowest temperature possible.
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| Thermal energy | Is the total energy of all particles in a substance that makes up and object or sometimes also called internal energy
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| Heat | Is the movement of theramal energy from a substance at a HIGHER temperature to another at a lower temperature. Warmer object to cooler object
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| Three ways heat can be transferred or moved. | Heat can be transferred by conduction, convection, and radiation.
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| Conduction | In this process heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another WITHOUT the movement of matter itself.
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| Convection | Is when heat is transferred by movement of currents within a fluid (a liquid or gas).
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| Convection current | A circular motion that is caused by the raising of heated fluid and sinking cooled fluid.
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| Radiation | The transfer of energy by electromagnetc waves.
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| Conductor | A material that conducts heat between its particles - such as silver or stainless steel - metal conducts faster than wood.
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| Insulator | A material that does not conduct heat wel, a material that does not easily transfer heat between its particles. wood wool paper cork are good insulators.
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| Specific heat | Is the amount of (heat) energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of A substance by 1 kelvin. OR to raise a given mass of a substance by a specific unit of temperature.
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| Joules | Is the unit of measure - joules per kilogram-kelvin
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| State | All matter can exist in three states.
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| 3 states of matter are | Solid, Liquid and Gas
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| Change of state | Is the phyaical change from one state of matter to another. A solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas.
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| Melting | The change of state from a solid to a liquid. It occurs when a solid absorbs thermal energy.
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| Melting point | Is the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid.
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| Freezing | The change of state from a liquid to a solid. It occurs when a substance loses thermal energy.
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| Freezing point | Is the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.
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| Vaporization | Is the process by which matter changes from the liquid to a gas state. During this process the particles in a liquid absorb thermal energy
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| Evaporation | When vaporization takes place at the surface of a liquid.
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| Boiling | At higher temeratures, vaporization can occur below the surface of a liquid and gas bubbles form within the liquid rise up to the surface.
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| Boiling point | Is the temperature at which a liquid boils
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| Condensation | The change from a gas state to a liquid state - in other words when a gas loses a sufficient amount of thermal energy.
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| Thermal expansion | Happens when matter is heated. When thermal energy of a substance increases, its particles spread out and the substance expands.
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| Thermostat | A heat regulating device used during thermal expansion.
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| Bimetallic strip | Are strips of two different metals joined together.
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| Heat engine | Is the conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy so that it can be used to do work.
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| Combustion | Is the process of burning fuel, such as coal or gasoline to produce thermal energy. During this process the chemcial energy that stored in fuel is converted to thermal energy.
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| External combustion engine | Fuel is burned outside (steam engine) The combustion of wood, coal, or oil heats water in a boiler outside the engine.
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| internal combustion engine | Fuel is burned in cylinders inside the engine. Diesel and gasoline engines that power most automobiles are examples. (4 stroke engine)
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| A refrigerator transfers | Thermal energy from a cool region to a warm region
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| How are heat engines classified | They are classified as external or internal combsustion engines depending on where the fuel is burned
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| Matter | Expands when it is heated and contracts when it is cooled.
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| When a substance is changing state... | The temperature of the substance remains constant.
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| Matter can undergo a change of state when | Thermal energy is added or removed
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| Heat can be transferred by | Conduction, convection and radiation.
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| A conductor transfers | Heat well but and insulator does not.
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| Heat is the transfer of | Thermal energy by conduction, convection and radiation
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