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27 words to ensure understanding of the Water Unit

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Term
Definition
adhesion   When water molecules stick to other types of molecules. Ex: dew on grass or a spider web, raindrops on a windshield.  
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capillary action   upward motion against gravity due to water's adhesion and cohesion properties.  
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cohesion   The attraction of water molecules to other water molecules.  
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surface tension   Water's ability to resist rupture when placed under tension or stress. Ex. water strider walking on a pond  
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insoluble   Incapable of being dissolved Ex: Oil in water  
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soluble   Able to be dissolved Ex: Kool-aid powder, sugar, or salt in water.  
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solute   Substance being dissolved Ex. Sugar mixed with water.  
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solvent   A substance that can dissolve another substance. Ex: Water mixed with salt.  
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solution   A mixture in which one substance is distributed evenly throughout another substance. Kool-aid or jello for example.  
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density   The relationship between the mass of the substance and how much space it takes up (volume).  
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polarity   The two hydrogen atoms (slightly positive charge) and one oxygen atom (slightly negative charge) within water molecules form polar covalent bonds.  
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polar molecule   When one end of a molecule is slightly positive and one end is slightly negative.  
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nonpolar   When atoms equally share electrons.  
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evaporation   The process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas/vapor.  
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condensation   The change of water from its gaseous form (water vapor) into liquid water.  
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transpiration   Evaporation of water from plant leaves.  
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precipitation   Water released from clouds in the form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail.  
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infiltration   To pass into or through a substance by filtering or permeating  
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collection   An amount of material accumulated in one location  
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thaw   To become warm enough that snow and ice melt  
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freeze   To change (a liquid) into a solid as a result of a reduction in temperature  
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chemical weathering   What happens when rocks are broken down and chemically altered.  
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physical weathering   The process that breaks rocks apart without changing their chemical composition.  
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weathering   The breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on Earth's surface.  
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erosion   Removing soil and rock from one location on the Earth's crust, to another location where it is deposited  
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corrosion   The process or effect of destroying, weakening, or wearing away little by little  
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ice wedging   Cracks in rock or other Earth materials caused by water freezing and expanding, causing the cracks to enlarge and eventually break.  
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