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| abnormal reactive hyperemia | Excessive vasodilation and induration; skin is bright pink to red; NO blanching with fingertip pressure; can last 1 hour to 2 weeks; Stage I pressure ulcer
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| abrasion | the process of scraping or wearing away.
-an area damaged by scraping or wearing away.
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| approximated | come close or be similar to something in quality, nature, or quantity.
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| blanching | make white or pale by extracting color; bleach.
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| collagen | the main structural protein found in animal connective tissue, yielding gelatin when boiled.
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| debridement | the removal of damaged tissue or foreign objects from a wound.
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| dehiscence | is a surgical complication in which a wound ruptures along a surgical suture. Risk factors are age, diabetes, obesity, poor knotting or grabbing of stitches, and trauma to the wound after surgery
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| drainage evacuators | convenient, portable units that connect to tubular drains lying within a wound bed and exert a safe, constant, low-pressure vacuum to remove and collect drainage.
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| epithelialization | Proliferation (growth of new tissue): In this phase, angiogenesis, collagen deposition, granulation tissue formation,
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| eschar | a dry, dark scab or falling away of dead skin, typically caused by a burn, or by the bite of a mite, or as a result of anthrax infection
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| evisceration | is the removal of viscera (internal organs, especially those in the abdominal cavity). This can refer to: Disembowelment, removal of the internal organs of an animal.
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| exudate | a mass of cells and fluid that has seeped out of blood vessels or an organ, especially in inflammation
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| fibrin | an insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen during the clotting of blood. It forms a fibrous mesh that impedes the flow of blood.
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| friction | the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. syn: abrasion, rubbing, chafing, grating, rasping, scraping
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| granulation tissue | new vascular tissue in granular form on an ulcer or the healing surface of a wound.
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| hematoma | a solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues.
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| hemorrhage | an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially when profuse.
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| hemostasis | the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
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| induration | 1. : an increase in the fibrous elements in tissue commonly associated with inflammation and marked by loss of elasticity and pliability : sclerosis. 2. : a hardened mass or formation.
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| laceration | a deep cut or tear in skin or flesh.
-syn: gash, cut, wound, injury, tear, slash
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| normal reactive hyperemia | redness-localized vasodilation; blanching w/ fingertip pressure; lasts less than 1 hour
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| pressure ulcer | inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence
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| primary intention | is typical for noncomplicated surgical wounds. Wound edges are approximated and kept together with sutures or staples and healing occurs by wound epithelialisation and connective tissue deposition
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| puncture | a small hole in a tire resulting in an escape of air.
-cause a sudden collapse of (mood or feeling).
"the earlier mood of optimism was punctured"
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| purulent | consisting of, containing, or discharging pus.
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| sanguineous | Drainage. This type of wound exudate is also known as the fresh blood that comes from a recent wound, and is characterized by a bright red color. Most commonly, it is seen in partial thickness and full thickness wounds
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| secondary intention | is typical for chronic wounds such as venous leg ulcers. The wound is left open and healing occurs by granulation tissue formation, contraction of the wound edges and subsequently epithelialisation
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| serosanguineous | means containing or relating to both blood and the liquid part of blood (serum). It usually refers to fluids collected from or leaving the body. For example, fluid leaving a wound that is yellowish with small amounts of blood
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| serous | of, resembling, or producing serum.
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| shearing force | Force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the substance,. Shear forces often result in shear strain. Resistance to such forces in a fluid is linked to its viscosity.
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| slough | is a yellow fibrinous tissue that consists of fibrin, pus, and proteinaceous material, can be found on the surface of a previously clean wound bed and it is thought to be associated with bacterial activity
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| sutures | 1. a stitch/row of stitches holding together edges of a wound/surgical incision/a thread or wire used for this/the action of stitching together the edges of a wound or incision.2.a seamlike immovable junction between two bones, such as those of the skull.
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| tissue ischemia | is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen and glucose needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive)/ generally caused by problems with blood vessels, with resultant damage to or dysfunction of tissue
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| Vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.C.) | is a simple technique where a piece of foam with an open-cell structure is inserted into the wound, and a wound drain with lateral perforations is laid atop it
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| wound | an injury to living tissue caused by a cut, blow, or other impact, typically one in which the skin is cut or broken.syn: injury, lesion, cut, gash, laceration, tear, slash
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| wound contraction | is a process that may occur during wound healing when an excess of wound contraction, a normal healing process, leads to physical deformity characterized by skin constriction and functional limitations
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| aerobic | relating to, involving, or requiring free oxygen.
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| anaerobic | relating to, involving, or requiring an absence of free oxygen.
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| asepsis | the absence of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.-the exclusion of bacteria and other microorganisms, typically during surgery
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| asymptomatic | (of a condition or a person) producing or showing no symptoms.
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| bacteriostasis | abb. Bstatic, is a biological/chemical agent that stops bacteria from reproducing, while not necessarily killing them otherwise. Depending on their application, Bstatic antibiotics, disinfectants, antiseptics and preservatives can be distinguished
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| broad-spectrum antibiotics | refers to an antibiotic that acts against a wide range of disease-causing bacteria. A (bs) antibiotic acts against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria,
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| colonization | the presence & growth of microorganisms w/in a host but w/o tissue invasion or damage
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| communicable disease | spread from one person to another or from an animal to a person. The spread often happens via airborne viruses or bacteria, but also through blood or other bodily fluid. The terms infectious and contagious are also used to describe communicable disease.
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| cough etiquette | is a series of actions to take if you are coughing or sneezing, which are designed to reduce the spread of respiratory illness to others
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| disinfection | is the process, which involves the elimination of most pathogenic microorganisms (excluding bacterial spores) on inanimate objects.
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| edema | a condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body.
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| hand hygiene | is the action of cleaning hands. There are two ways to clean hands. Using an alcohol based hand rub, which kills organisms in seconds or, when hands are visibly soiled, using soap and running water.
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| handwashing | is the act of cleaning one's hands with or without the use of water or another liquid, or with the use of soap or e.g. ash, for the purpose of removing soil, dirt, and/or microorganisms
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| health care-associated infections (HAIs) | are infections that patients develop during the course of receiving healthcare treatment for other conditions
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| latrogenic infections | conditions do not necessarily result from medical errors, such as mistakes made in surgery, or the prescription/dispensing of the wrong therapy, such as a drug.
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| immunocompromised | having an impaired immune system.
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| infection | syn: disease, virus
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| infectious | (of a disease or disease-causing organism) likely to be transmitted to people, organisms, etc., through the environment.syn: communicable, transmittable, transferable, spreadable, contagious;
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| invasive | (of medical procedures) involving the introduction of instruments or other objects into the body or body cavities
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| leukocytosis | an increase in the number of white cells in the blood, especially during an infection.
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| localized | restrict (something) to a particular place
syn:limit, restrict, confine, contain, circumscribe, concentrate, delimit
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| medical asepsis | is the state of being free from disease causing microorganisms.- is concerned with eliminating the spread of microorganisms through facility practices.
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| microorganisms | a microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus.
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| necrotic | is death of body tissue. It occurs when there is not enough blood flowing to the tissue, whether from injury, radiation, or chemicals. Not reversible. When substantial areas of tissue die due to a lack of blood supply, the condition is called gangrene.
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| normal floras | bacteria which are found in or on our bodies on a semi-permanent basis w/o causing disease. More bacteria living in/on our bodies, than we have cells of our own. A human body contains around 1013 cells. The human body is home to around 1014 bacteria.
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| pathogens | a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
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| phargocytosis | the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and amoeboid protozoans.
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| reservoir | a place where fluid collects, especially in rock strata or in the body.
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| Standard Precautions | are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact w/ blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), & mucous membranes
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| sterile field | is a microorganism-free area, including free of spores. To maintain an area free of microorganisms, sterile gloves, gowns and drapes are used to create a barrier between the environment (including members of the team) and the client
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| sterilization | term referring to any process that eliminates/kills (deactivates) all forms of life and other biological agents (such as prions, viruses which some do not consider to be alive but are biological pathogens nonetheless), including transmissible agents
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| suprainfection | infection occurring after or on top of an earlier infection, especially following treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics.
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| surgical asepsis | Sterile technique is the means by which a surgically-aseptic environment is set up, worked in, & maintained. The most important principle to remember regarding sterile technique is: sterile items remain sterile only when touched by other sterile items ..
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| susceptibility | the state or fact of being likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.-a person's feelings, typically considered as being easily hurt. 2.Physics
the ratio of magnetization to a magnetizing force
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| suppurative | pus forming infection
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| symptomatic | serving as a symptom or sign, especially of something undesirable.syn: indicative, characteristic, suggestive, typical, representative, symbolic-exhibiting or involving symptoms
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| systemic | denoting the part of the circulatory system concerned with the transportation of oxygen to and CO2 from the body in general, especially as distinct from the pulmonary part concerned with the transportation of oxygen from & CO2 to the lungs
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| vector | an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another
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| virulence | by MeSH def., the degree of pathogenicity w/in a group/species of parasites as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host.
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