SLS Bio 12 Cell Transport HO
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| Active trasnport | Transport against a concentration gradient that requires chemical energy
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| Carrier Protein | involved in the movement of ions, small molecules, or macromolecule, across a biological membrane
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| Cell Membrane | the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
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| channel protein | A protein that allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane
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| concentration gradient | from higher concentration to lower concentration
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| diffusion | the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
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| endocytosis | a form of active transport in which a cell transports molecules into the cell by engulfing them in an energy-using process.
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| exocytosis | a form of active transport in which a cell transports molecules out of the cell by expelling them in an energy-using process
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| facilitated transport | A form of passive transport in which materials are moved across the plasma membrane by a transport protein down their concentration gradient
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| fluid mosaic membrane model | In this model, a flexible layer made of lipid molecules is interspersed with large protein molecules that act as channels through which other molecules enter and leave the cell.
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| glycolipid | lipids with a carbohydrate attached. Their role is to provide energy and also serve as markers for cellular recognition.
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| glycoprotein | any of a class of proteins that have carbohydrate groups attached to the polypeptide chain. Also called glycopeptide.
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| hydrophilic | having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water.
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| hydrophobic | tending to repel or fail to mix with water.
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| hypertonic | a solution of higher osmotic pressure than another solution with which it is compared
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| hypotonic | any solution with a lower osmotic pressure than another solution
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| isotonic | a solution having the same osmotic pressure as some other solution
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| osmosis | a process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semipermeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one
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| passive transport processes | The movement of particles or ions across a semipermeable membrane without the expenditure of energy.
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| phagocytosis | the engulfing of larger, solid particles
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| phospholipid | a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule
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| phospholipid bilayer | a two-layered arrangement of phosphate and lipid molecules that form a cell membrane
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| pinocytosis | the ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane.
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| pressure gradient | from higher pressure to lower pressure
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| selectively permeable | a membrane that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it by means of active or passive transport.
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| tonicity | a measure of the amount of substance dissolved in a liquid
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