Renal 2 Exam
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| Chronic renal failure is aka | ESRD
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| Person can survive without dialysis until almost ____% of nephrons are lost | 90
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| Creatinine clearance of <____% means dialysis or transplant is needed for survival | 15
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| GFR is calculated by | creatine, albumin, age, race, gender, BUN
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| Urinary sym of CRF | Polyuria d/t loss of ability to concentrate urine, eventually oliguria or anuria. Fixed sp grav 1.010, positive protein, WBC casts (pyuria), hematuria depending on cause
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| What happens to BUN and Creat? | Increase
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| Increased BUN results in what? | N/V, lethargy, HA, impaired thought processes, uremic frost
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| Urea and uric acid salts on skin | Uremic Frost
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| Electrolyte imbalance includes | Increase K, NA, Phos, Decreased Ca, bicarb
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| What are other s/s of CRF | Diarrhea, constipation, peripheral neuropathy, yellow-gray discoloration of skin, pruritis, leg pain, dyspnea
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| Diet for CRF | Restrict K, Na, Protein, Fluid, phos. Provide multi vitamin
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| What is protein and fluid restriction for CRF | 40g/day protein, 600 mL + previous day output fluids
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| Low K foods include | Green or wax beans, apples, grapes, bell peppers
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| Avoid K foods such as | Spinach, lima beans, potatoes, tomatoes, and peas
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| What meds to control Hyperk? | Kayexalate, insulin (ER situation not qd), sodium bicarb
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| What meds to control HTN? | ACEI, CCB, BB, Vasodilators, diuretics
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| Decreases effect of K on cells but does not decrease K | Ca Gluconate
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| With what is anemia treated? | Epogen IV or SQ 3x/week
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| What Phos binding meds given? | Os-Cal, Phos lo with meals, Renegal
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| Why would antiseizure meds be given? | Uremia and HyperNa
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| What nursing measures? | Daily weight, Strict I/O, check skin (increased r/o infection), anticipate grieving, dialysis, life-threatening overload (Increased Na, BUN)
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| When conservative tx no longer effective, _____ and/or ________ are the only options | dialysis, kidney transplant
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| What are the indicators for dialysis? | K>6, BUN >120, fluid overload w/ compromised cardiac or pulmonary status, sig mental status changes, pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade
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| What output is considered anuria? | <40-50 mL/day
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Created by:
mreedy
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