Pedi lecture 3
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| When will an infants weight double? Triple? | 6 months / 1 year
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| What diagnostic study is done to determine cystic fibrosis | sweat test using pilocarpine iontophoresis
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| What is the normal amount of chloride in sweat | 1-60 meq per liter *GREATER THAN 60 INDICATES CYSTIC FIBROSIS*
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| what is a generalized dysfunction of the exocrine glands, which produce excessive mucous and abnormal secretion of sweat. This change in secretions eventually cause a DYSFUNCITON OF THE PANCREAS AND LUNGS. HEREDITARY and is inherited as a recessive trait. | Cystic Fibrosis
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| What organs are affected by cystic fibrosis | pancreas, GI, and lungs are affected by the excessive mucous and abnormal secretion of sweat
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| What are the treatments for Cystic Fibrosis | oral pancreatic enzyme replacement and fat soluble vitamins A,D,E, and K. CPT, Postural drainage, and O2 therapy as needed. Teach family to recognize the signs of infection, dehydration, and nutritional deficiency
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| Signs and Symptoms of Meconium Ileus; a deficiency of pancreatic enzymes in the intestinal tractof the fetus | Symptoms develop within hours after birth, ABSENCE of stools, vomiting, and abdominal distention
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| What is CRYPTORCHIDISM | undescended testicles. When one or both of the testicles fail to descend into the scrotum but rather remain in the abdomen or inguinal canal
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| What is the hormone used to treat cryptorchidism | human chorionic gonadatropin (HCG)
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| What is infantile eczema | Inflammation of the skin which can occur on any area of the body, most prevelant before the age of 2.
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| How would you treat infantile eczema | wet soaks or compresses, warm moist dressings to relieve the itch, EMOLLIENTS
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| What is the cause of SIDS | this is the sudden unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant less than 1 year of age. UNEXPLAINED * CANNOT BE PREDICTED * CANNOT BE PREVENTED
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| Symptoms of intussuception - the slipping of one part of the intestines into another part just below it. TELESCOPING. | SUDDEN SEVERE ABDOMINAL PAIN. Stomach contents green or yellowish in color, fecal vomiting can occur, bloody stools with NO FECES, signs of shock, fever as high as and RIGID ABDOMEN, vomiting
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| signs and symptoms of failure to thrive - a syndrome characterized by the infants failure to gain weight. | listless, irritable, emaciated, and unresponsive.
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| What is an obstruction in the opening between the stomach and the small intestine resulting from enlargement of the pyloric muscle | Pyloric Stenosis
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| What condition would cause PROJECTILE VOMITING soon after or during feeding, vomit contains no bile, baby is CONSTANTLY HUNGRY and will want to eat soon after vomiting | PYLORIC STENOSIS
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| What would the treatment for pyloric stenosis be? | PYLOROTOMY - surgical incision made into the pyloric muscle to allow enlargement or the opening thus allowing food to pass more easily through
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| What are the signs and symptoms of HIRSPRUNGS DISEASE (congenital MEGACOLON) | new born may not pass meconium, constipation is progressive as the diet increases, SEVERE ABDOMINAL DISTENSION, ANOREXIA, OCCASIONAL VOMITING
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| How would you correct HIRSPRUNGS DISEASE | SWENSON PULL THOURGH (a complete repair without a colostomy on the infant in the 1st few weeks of life)
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| What is another name for Hirsprungs disease | Congenital MEGACOLON
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| what is the cause of hirsprungs disease | absence of ganglion nerve cells in the colon. Causes abnormal peristalsis and results in chronic constipation
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| What is an Inguinal Hernia | protrusion of part of the abdominal contents through the inguinal canal in the groin
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| What are the signs and symptoms of an inguinal hernia | irritability, crying, and constipation
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| What are the signs and symptoms of IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA | pallor of mucous membranes, irritability and listlessness, anorexia
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| How is meningitis diagnosed | spinal tap with culture CSF
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| what would the nursing care be for a patient with meningitis | COMFORT MEASURES: darkened room, pain medications for headache, quiet enviroment, seizure precautions (pad side rails and anticonvulsants as ordered)
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| What is a Sickle Cell Crisis | caused by the occulsion of the small blood vessels which produces distal ischemia and infarction. Results in swelling of hands and feet, Lg joints and surrounding areas become swollen and painful THEN they develop severe abdominal pain. GENTLE HANDLING!
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| What is the causative organism of BROCHIOLITIS | Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
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| What is OTITIS MEDIA | inflammation of the structures of the middle ear
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| what causes otitis media | may result from the anatomical structure and postition of the eustachian tube in very young children and is triggered by bacterial or viral infections, allergies, or enlarged tonsils
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| What would you instruct a patient who is taking antibiotics | TAKE IT ALL, EVERY ONE, FULL COURSE, GO ALL THE WAY!!!!!
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| You have a 10 month old who is walking, talking, and has started his own hedge fund, the mother of another 10mo child asks why her child is not as developed....what do you say? | every child develops at their own pace. (pay attention to your own kid!)
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| What is the goal of treatment of respiratory tract infectiosn | thin out mucous secretions
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| Describe the infants EUSTACHIAN TUBE | SHORTER, WIDER, & STRAIGHTER than an adults
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| If I were taking Iron supplements what would you recommend to me? | Take it with vitamin C
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