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GIA Colored Stones

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Question
Answer
show Mineral  
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A substance that consists of atoms of only one kind is a   show
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Most gems are   show
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show rock  
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Which of the following is amorphous? A. Beryl B. Amber C. Garnet D. Jadeite   show
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A broad gem category based on chemical composition and crystal structure is a   show
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Which of the following is a gem variety? A. Beryl B. Garnet C. Andradite D. Demantoid   show
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Which group does almandine belong to?   show
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The world’s largest gem-consuming market is   show
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Synthetic gem materials   show
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show independent miners using small-scale mining methods  
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Media attention in the 1990s regarding its treatment reduced consumer confidence in   show
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Most of the gems in Tanzania’s Umba River Valley are found in   show
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Which is a key locality for hydrothermal gems?   show
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Which gem can crystallize in volcanic rock from gasses released by magma?   show
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A deposit where gems are found in the rock that carried them to the earth’s surface is called   show
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show Secondary  
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show Tanzanite  
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Most gemstones form in the   show
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show Placer  
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show beryllium, boron, and lithium  
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show marble  
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show Tourmaline, beryl, and kunzite are all found in association with pegmatites  
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show too delicate to withstand abrasion  
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show metamorphic  
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Which is a deposit where gems eroded from the source rock and remained in place nearby?   show
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show regional metamorphism  
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show iron and titanium  
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show trace elements  
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Many fashioned rubies have shallow proportions because they’re cut from   show
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A two-phase inclusion is a cavity in a gem that’s typically filled with a   show
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Rough spinel often occurs as   show
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Needles of actinolite found in emerald are classified as   show
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show Polysynthetic  
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Which gems are cryptocrystalline aggregates?   show
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show Chromium  
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Which aggregate’s crystals are visible only with magnification greater than a standard gemological microscope’s?   show
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show small  
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An object’s weight in relation to its size is called its   show
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show basic identity  
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show topaz  
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show contact twins  
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The pattern of dark lines or bands shown by certain colored gems when viewed through a spectroscope is called   show
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Which element does chromium substitute for to cause ruby’s red?   show
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show Iron  
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In many blue sapphires, the intervalence charge transfer that causes the color is between   show
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What is the only type of gem that can show pleochroism?   show
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Which components of a transition element’s atoms can produce color in gems?   show
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show Labradorescence  
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show scattering of light  
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Which gem can show three pleochroic colors?   show
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The process where electrons that selectively absorb light are passed back and forth between neighboring impurity ions is known as...   show
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show Chromium  
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Which transition element causes a greater variety of gem colors than any other?   show
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show chrysoberyl  
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When a gem’s crystal structure splits light into two rays that each travel at a slightly different speed and direction, it’s called...   show
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show IDIOCHROMATIC  
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Synthetic opal is grown using microscopic silica spheres that are produced by   show
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A snakeskin structural pattern is typical of   show
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Synthetic turquoise is most likely produced by which process?   show
🗑
show Hydrothermal growth  
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show pressurized steel container and crushed chemical ingredients  
🗑
Which process dissolves nutrients in chemicals to form synthetic crystals?   show
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show solution  
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show Flame fusion  
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Which process involves heating finely ground powder, sometimes under pressure, to produce a fine-grained solid material?   show
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show synthetic  
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show Pulling  
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show Quartz  
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The crucibles that work best for flux growth are made of   show
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show Floating zone  
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show dissolves other materials  
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show causing changes in color centers  
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show deepens blue color in sapphire  
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Which of these is considered a gem treatment?   show
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Written information on dyeing gems dates back to about   show
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show synthetic corundum  
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What agent can create a shallow layer of asterism when it’s introduced below the surface of a corundum cabochon by lattice diffusion?   show
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Jadeite is often   show
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show refractive index as the gem  
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show turquoise  
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show Titanium oxide and iron oxide  
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show opal  
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show Amber  
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show Golden beryl  
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show 0.01 mm to 0.50 mm  
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show aqua aura  
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Which location produces the majority of rubies that end up in mass-produced jewelry?   show
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show Mine run  
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Which of the following is a premium price for selecting stones from a parcel? A. Lot price B. Pick price C. Grade price D. Parcel price   show
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show pick  
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show grade  
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show Chantaburi  
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show large, important stones  
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Where is rough from Mong Hsu brought into Thailand?   show
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Which of the following is a quantity of stones, sometimes of similar size and quality, from a single mine or from many different sources? A. Parcel B. Mine lot C. Mine run D. Production run   show
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show calibrated sizes  
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Where is rough from Mogok brought into Thailand?   show
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In mining terms, the theft of a mine’s production by its workers is known as   show
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Which of the following is a price for buying an entire parcel of gems, or a substantial part of it? A. Lot price B. Cut price C. Pick price D. Grade price   show
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show middle market  
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What is Myanmar’s most important gem export?   show
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show HUE  
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Emission of visible light by a material when it’s exposed to invisible ultraviolet radiation is   show
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show gem’s actual source is known  
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A see-through area in a transparent gemstone’s bodycolor that usually results from the way the gem was cut is called   show
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show medium to medium-dark tone  
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What type of lighting is best for grading color in a colored stone?   show
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Which trade term describes certain tourmalines?   show
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Which gemstone occurs in almost every color?   show
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show deep pavilions  
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Which abbreviation does the GIA Colored Stone Grading System use for a slightly purplish red hue?   show
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In practice, what GIA Colored Stone Grading tone levels apply to grading transparent colored stones?   show
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Generally, cool-colored hues with low saturation look   show
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A window usually differs from the rest of the stone in   show
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show Chromium and vanadium  
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show neutral  
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Which type of rough is usually faceted?   show
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show cobbing  
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Which is a carved design that projects slightly from a flat or curved surface?   show
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Which cutting stage has the greatest impact on the value of the finished gem?   show
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show face-up  
🗑
The purpose of most variations in a colored stone’s face-up outline is to   show
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show between 25 and 40 percent brilliance  
🗑
Which is most likely to undergo cobbing?   show
🗑
Excessive bulge on a step cut   show
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Rough that’s ground to the approximate shape of the finished stone is called   show
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Colored stones cut flat with shallow pavilions usually have areas of lower color intensity called   show
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To retain as much weight as possible from rare, high-quality rough, cutters would most likely vary   show
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show Tanzanite (Tanzanite has two directions of cleavage)  
🗑
Translucent to opaque rough is often cut into a   show
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Cutters can darken the color of pale stones by cutting a   show
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In which colored stone clarity type are the gems usually eye-clean?   show
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show can help separate natural from synthetic gems  
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Fingerprints are   show
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The term “silk” describes   show
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An inclusion with the most negative impact on a colored stone’s clarity would be located   show
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A general term for a break in a stone is   show
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show A large, unhealed feather  
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An angular, hollow space that resembles a mineral inclusion is called a   show
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show spodumene, yellow beryl, and aquamarine  
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show Moderately included  
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show Emerald  
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The highest clarity grade for colored stones is   show
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A characteristic or irregularity confined to the surface of a polished gemstone is a   show
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show position and relief  
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show crystal growth  
🗑
If an emerald weighs 3.50 carats and the stone’s cost is $10,500.00, what is its per-carat price?   show
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show by weight  
🗑
A metric carat equals   show
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The international unit of measurement for gem weight is the   show
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show 5  
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What category of colored stone is often sold per piece?   show
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If a parcel of sapphires weighs 382.00 cts. and the per-carat price is $80.00, what is the total cost of the parcel?   show
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Individual stone prices are referred to as   show
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Sieves are most useful for sorting round gems with diameters   show
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show $31,680.00 The price of this ruby (or its unit price) is $31,680.00. Multiply 5.76 cts. (carat weight) by $5,500.00 (per-carat price)  
🗑
A gem’s price divided by its carat weight is called   show
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Colored stones with higher values usually have   show
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The color of a sorting pad should be   show
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show $1.16 Unit price is $1.16 x 1,542.00 cts. (parcel total carat weight) x $0.75 (price per carat) for the parcel price of $1,156.50. Divide $1,156.50 (parcel price) by 1,000 (total number of stones in parcel) for the unit price of $1.1565 rounded to $1.16  
🗑
How many points are in a metric carat?   show
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show alkali-basalt  
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The world’s largest corundum marketing center is   show
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Rubies that come from marble deposits are typically low in   show
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Compared to rubies from Myanmar, most Thai rubies tend to be   show
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show Thailand.  
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show marble  
🗑
In ancient Sanskrit, ruby is called ratnaraj or   show
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Newly discovered ruby deposits at Vatomandry and Andilamena are in what country?   show
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show Thailand  
🗑
Corundum can form only in an environment that’s low in   show
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Where are the Penny Lane and John Saul mines located?   show
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show eliminates dark centers or cores  
🗑
show Mong Hsu  
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Switzerland exports rubies that are primarily   show
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show medium to medium-dark tone and vivid saturation  
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show 1881 to 1887  
🗑
Blue sapphire’s most common crystal habit is   show
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The most highly valued hues of blue sapphire are   show
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What trace elements cause blue sapphire’s color?   show
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When did Madagascar become a significant source of blue sapphire?   show
🗑
show geuda  
🗑
show slightly greenish blue and slightly violetish blue  
🗑
Most fine sapphires over 100 cts. come from   show
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show velvety appearance  
🗑
show Color zoning  
🗑
Australian blue sapphire color is often described as   show
🗑
Which of the following sources emerged in the 1990’s as a significant source of good- to fine-quality sapphire? A. Kashmir B. Australia C. Sri Lanka D. Madagascar   show
🗑
The sapphire market level supplied by Switzerland is   show
🗑
Which location supplies sapphires that are most likely not heat-treated?   show
🗑
show high iron content  
🗑
show hematite  
🗑
show readily available  
🗑
Which color of star sapphire is usually cut shallow due to parting?   show
🗑
show Australia  
🗑
Which is the most prized body color in star corundum?   show
🗑
show 1940s  
🗑
show Pink  
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show semi-transparent  
🗑
show Padparadscha  
🗑
Sapphire’s color change is caused by   show
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Color-change sapphire typically changes from blue or violet to   show
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Fancy sapphires from Montana tend to be   show
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show Chromium  
🗑
show 6 rays  
🗑
The name padparadscha means   show
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show bluish green to green  
🗑
show US and Japan  
🗑
show Lechleitner  
🗑
show perpendicular to the crystal length.  
🗑
show pegmatites, where they intersect with schists  
🗑
The four major emerald sources are Colombia, Zambia, Brazil, and   show
🗑
show generally contain fewer fractures  
🗑
What’s the estimated percentage of fashioned emeralds that contain filled fractures?   show
🗑
Which element makes emerald a bluer green?   show
🗑
The trade term “Zambian” describes emeralds with   show
🗑
One of Colombia’s traditional emerald mines is called   show
🗑
Emeralds were discovered in Zambia in the   show
🗑
show 1950s  
🗑
show Muzo  
🗑
Seed pearls are   show
🗑
The nacreous layer inside a pearl-bearing mollusk’s shell is called   show
🗑
show an organic gem  
🗑
A number of similar cultured pearl strands bundled together is called a   show
🗑
In the early 1990s, oysters in many important Japanese cultured pearl farming areas began to   show
🗑
The oyster used to grow Tahitian cultured pearls is   show
🗑
show Australia  
🗑
show 1908  
🗑
Which industry directly contributed to the decline of the natural pearl industry?   show
🗑
show Tahitian.  
🗑
show mantle-tissue piece and a bead nucleus  
🗑
show the Philippines  
🗑
Aragonite is a crystallized form of   show
🗑
show mantle-tissue piece only  
🗑
show China  
🗑
The matching level that describes a group of pearls that have minor variations in uniformity is   show
🗑
Essence d’orient is a mixture of   show
🗑
show Wash, dry, and sort  
🗑
Usually, the diameters of the cultured pearls in a hank vary from each other by no more than   show
🗑
show Moderately Blemished  
🗑
Which overtone color increases the value of akoya cultured pearls with white bodycolor?   show
🗑
show Bead nucleus darkens  
🗑
The nacre quality classification described as “Nucleus not noticeable, no chalky appearance” is   show
🗑
show warm, mild soapy water  
🗑
When mollusks live in cooler water, they form   show
🗑
show round  
🗑
show low in saturation  
🗑
Almost all akoya and Chinese freshwater pearls are   show
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The largest gem-quality natural pearl known is the   show
🗑
In the trade, Tahitian cultured pearls with a dark green-gray to blue-gray bodycolor and rosé to purple overtones are called   show
🗑
In Myanmar, the center of the jadeite mining district is   show
🗑
show semitransparent  
🗑
Polar jade is actually a very fine-quality   show
🗑
Spinach jade is used to describe a color of   show
🗑
show chromium  
🗑
The finest texture category of jadeite is known as   show
🗑
Spots of color near the surface of a jadeite boulder, where the skin is thin enough to see through, are called   show
🗑
New Zealand is a major source of   show
🗑
Where was jadeite first fashioned and used as an ornamental object?   show
🗑
Type B jadeite is   show
🗑
show exceptional  
🗑
show Imperial  
🗑
Guatemala recently emerged as a valuable source of which of the following jadeite colors?   show
🗑
show orange color  
🗑
Type C jadeite is   show
🗑
show silica  
🗑
show Opaque  
🗑
What is the first step in evaluating an opal?   show
🗑
In opal, a pattern of large, distinct, usually rectangular patches of play-of-color with edges that touch each other is called   show
🗑
show 3 to 10 percent water  
🗑
Most opal formed   show
🗑
The type of matrix found as a layer in finished boulder opal is   show
🗑
Which treatment involves immersing opal in concentrated sulfuric acid?   show
🗑
show Iron impurities  
🗑
show Pierre Gilson  
🗑
Play-of-color that’s seen only when light travels through an opal to the eye is called   show
🗑
Plastic imitation opal was first marketed in the late 1980s in   show
🗑
What is the transparency range of white opal?   show
🗑
What is semi-black opal’s background color?   show
🗑
show New South Wales  
🗑
The color of chrysoprase is   show
🗑
One of amethyst’s finest colors is   show
🗑
show Agate  
🗑
show produced by heating amethyst  
🗑
The source of natural ametrine is   show
🗑
The major commercial-quality amethyst source is   show
🗑
Which of the following has the smallest crystal size?   show
🗑
show microcrystalline aggregate  
🗑
The trade term “black onyx” is used for   show
🗑
“Marabá” amethyst is often   show
🗑
show Chalcedony  
🗑
In the nineteenth century, a major source of amethyst was discovered in   show
🗑
The color of amethyst results from   show
🗑
show Cat’s-eye quartz  
🗑
show heating  
🗑
Almost all tanzanite is   show
🗑
show Bluish green  
🗑
The most-prized chatoyant gem in the world is   show
🗑
Top-color iolite is   show
🗑
Alexandrite was discovered in   show
🗑
Untreated tanzanite is typically   show
🗑
Tanavyte is a trade name for   show
🗑
show Merelani  
🗑
show blue  
🗑
Which of the following gems is the most economically important?   show
🗑
The color change in alexandrite is caused by   show
🗑
show Tiffany & Co  
🗑
What changes during alexandrite’s color-change effect?   show
🗑
show strongly saturated blue or violetish blue  
🗑
show Sri Lanka  
🗑
show Colorless  
🗑
The color of imperial topaz is   show
🗑
show heat  
🗑
show yellow-to-orange stones  
🗑
show Ouro Prêto, Brazil  
🗑
show medium-dark blue to slightly greenish blue  
🗑
Most gem-quality topaz comes from   show
🗑
show Red beryl  
🗑
show China  
🗑
What color is morganite beryl?   show
🗑
Which method is used to produce synthetic aquamarine?   show
🗑
show Brazil  
🗑
In order to attain a treated pink color, yellow to reddish brown topaz must contain   show
🗑
The most valuable topaz varieties are   show
🗑
The only source of red beryl is in   show
🗑
The most expensive variety of tourmaline is   show
🗑
show heating  
🗑
Which of the following is the largest producer of chrome tourmaline?   show
🗑
show Copper  
🗑
  show
🗑
show Indicolite  
🗑
The world’s largest producer of gem-quality tourmaline is   show
🗑
show low zircons due to their lower properties  
🗑
show Myanmar  
🗑
show pegmatites  
🗑
The color of blue zircon is usually   show
🗑
The cause of color in peridot is   show
🗑
Most of the world’s commercial-quality peridot is mined in   show
🗑
Many Paraíba tourmalines are   show
🗑
Rubellite tourmaline is colored by   show
🗑
show grossularite  
🗑
show Grossularite than rhodolite, almandite, and spessartite  
🗑
show Russia during the 1800s  
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Rhodolite is a mixture of   show
🗑
Spessartite is most commonly found in   show
🗑
show Red  
🗑
show demantoid  
🗑
show pyrope, spessartite, and almandite  
🗑
The most important source of rhodolite in recent years is   show
🗑
Mandarin garnet has been used as a trade name for   show
🗑
Tsavorite is colored by   show
🗑
The most desirable, vibrant, and rare blue natural spinels are colored by   show
🗑
show crystal structure ~All garnets belong to the cubic crystal system  
🗑
The substitution of one chemical element for another in the crystal structure of a mineral is called   show
🗑
show Chromium  
🗑
show Copper  
🗑
show Russia  
🗑
A new turquoise treatment that appeared in the 1980s and has been used to treat more than 10 million carats is   show
🗑
show Chilean  
🗑
Reconstructed turquoise is   show
🗑
What is the color of the markings that sandstone matrix creates in turquoise?   show
🗑
Stabilized turquoise is a trade term for   show
🗑
The finest trade grade of lapis lazuli is   show
🗑
show Copper  
🗑
show an even, intense medium blue  
🗑
show southwestern US  
🗑
The major source for top-color turquoise today is   show
🗑
show Afghanistan  
🗑
show limonite or sandstone  
🗑
The trade term for top-color turquoise is   show
🗑
show Blue  
🗑
Kunzite’s most common color is   show
🗑
show centipedes  
🗑
Light-colored or colorless spodumene can be treated to a kunzite color by   show
🗑
An intense, unstable green color can be created in spodumene by   show
🗑
show Two  
🗑
show orthoclase  
🗑
show Amazonite  
🗑
Spectrolite is a variety of   show
🗑
What color is hiddenite?   show
🗑
show natural  
🗑
show labradorite  
🗑
Which of the following is a commercial source of chrome diopside?   show
🗑
show Aluminum, oxygen, and silicon  
🗑
show Art Deco  
🗑
Jet is an ornamental form of   show
🗑
show Copal  
🗑
Which animal’s tusk produces the most valuable ivory?   show
🗑
Amber is actually   show
🗑
show San Benito County, California  
🗑
show Pink coral  
🗑
show abalone shell  
🗑
show Moldavite  
🗑
show Bleaching  
🗑
show Ivory  
🗑
The amber color that’s most valuable is   show
🗑
show England  
🗑
Coral’s most valuable color is   show
🗑
Which of the following is a variety of conchiolin coral?   show
🗑
Tortoise shell is composed of   show
🗑


   

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