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Molecules of Life

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Term
Definition
acid   compound that donates a proton (H) when dissolved in a solution  
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base   compound that accepts a proton (H) when dissolved in solution  
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pH   measurement of acidity; related to free hydrogen ion concentration in solution  
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buffer   compound that can bind to an H+ ion when the H+ concentration decreases; locks up H+ ions and helps maintain homeostasis  
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macro-molecule   large molecule formed by joining smaller organic molecules together  
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polymer   large molecule formed from smaller repeating units of identical, or nearly identical, compounds linked by covalent bonds  
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carbohydrate   molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes sugars and starches  
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lipid   nonpolar molecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; includes fats and oils  
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protein   polymer composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds; folds into a particular structure depending on bonds between amino acids  
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nucleic acid   polymer of nucleotides; the genetic material of organisms  
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